Ndeupi Musiyano Pakati peUVA, UVB, uye UVC?

By Martin Wan
Updated: January 24, 2023

Ultraviolet kana UV mwaranzi inokuvadza maranzi anoburitswa kubva kuzuva. Ndiyo imwe yemhando dzemagetsi emagetsi emagetsi ane wavelength pakati pe10 nm kusvika 400 nm. Nekune rumwe rutivi, mwaranzi yeUV ine marefu akareba anozivikanwa semwaranzi yeionizing. Nekudaro, kutaura kwakadaro kunotariswa nekuti mafotoni haawane yakanyanya simba rinodiwa kuti ionize maatomu.

Kudzivirira mwaranzi yezuva, ozone layer yepasi inoita basa rinokosha sezvo ichikanganisa kubuda kwemwaranzi yeUV. Mushure mekutarisa mukati mewavelengths uye photon simba, UV maranzi akakamurwa kuita marudzi matatu: UVA, UVB, uye UVC.

Muchinyorwa chino, iwe uchaona manzwisisiro muUVA, UVB, uye UVC, pamwe nekusiyana kwavo kwakadzama.

Zviri Mukati Hide

1 UVA Yakatsanangurwa

2 UVB Yakatsanangurwa

3 UVC Yakatsanangurwa

4 Musiyano Pakati peUVA, UVB, & UVC

5 Kubudirira kweUVC muInactivating SARS-CoV-2 Replication

6 FAQs

7 mhedziso

8 Related Posts

UVA Yakatsanangurwa

Imwe yemhando dzakakomba dze ultraviolet mwaranzi ndeye UVA mwaranzi. UVA ine kureba kwewavelength uye yakafara electromagnetic spectrum yeultraviolet mwaranzi (UVR). UVA inotamba hunhu hwakakosha mugomarara reganda uye kuchembera kweganda.

Inogona kupinda nyore nyore mukati meganda uye inokurudzira kukwegura kusati kwasvika. Nekudaro, inhanho yekutanga yekugadzira wrinkle, nehunyanzvi inonzi photoaging.

Iyo UVA mwaranzi ine wavelength huwandu hwe315 - 400 nm. Kunyange zvakadaro, iyo photon simba re 3.10 - 3.94 eV, 0.497 - 0.631 eV. Maererano nemamwe mabasa, kunaka kwemwaranzi yeUVA kunoda kusvika ka500 kupfuura mwaranzi yeUVB. Mukupesana, zvinogona kugumiswa kuti UVA inoshanda sechinhu chekuchengetedza ganda uye inotadzisa kupinda kwemwaranzi yeUVB.

Sezvo iwo wavelength yeUVA rays iri kureba, kupinda kusina kuoma kunowanikwa. Zvisinei, mwaranzi iyi haibatwi neozone layer. Iwo maUVA kana mwenje matema ane sefa yeviolet, inopa dim violet glare.

UVB Yakatsanangurwa

UVB imwe mhando yemwaranzi isingaoneki inoburitswa muzuva. Rudzi urwu rwemwaranzi runobatsira zvakanyanya kusviba kweganda uye nekukora nyore kwekunze kweganda. Zvisinei, chikonzero chikuru chinoita kuti ganda risvibe kunyanya kugadzirwa kwe melanin, iyo yakakurudzirwa nemwaranzi yeUVB.

Pamusoro pezvo, mwaranzi yeUVB inotorawo chikamu mugomarara reganda nekudzikisira simba rekudzivirira muviri rekurwisa mamiriro akadai. Kushatirwa mumaziso nekuda kweUVB kwakajairika. Zvisinei, high-spectrum sunscreen inogona kuva sarudzo yakanakisisa yekudzivirira kunze kweganda kubva kuUVB.

Iyo yavelength yeUVB ndeye 280 - 315 nm. Iyo photon simba kukosha ndeye 3.94 - 4.43 eV, 0.631 - 0.710 eV. UVB haina kureba kwakareba seUVA uye inogona zvakare kunyudzwa nyore ne ozone layer. Musainzi yekurapa, UVB radiation inoshandiswa kurapa akati wandei matambudziko eganda senge vitiligo kana psoriasis. Special lasers kana marambi anoshandiswa panguva yekurapa, achiburitsa UVB mwaranzi.

UVC Yakatsanangurwa

Iyo ozone layer yepasi inoshanda sechidziviriro chepasi icho chinodzivisa kupinda kwe ultraviolet mwaranzi yezuva. Nekudaro, nyika yezuva inoshanda zvine mukurumbira zvikuru maererano nemwaranzi yeUVC sezvo ichigona kuvharidzira mwaranzi yeUVC kusvika pasi.

Zvakangodaro, UVC inouraya, uye nekudaro inotora chikamu muultraviolet phototherapy. UVC inoshandiswa zvakanyanya kudzivirira zvirwere zvemhepo zvinokonzerwa nemavhairasi uye mabhakitiriya. Aya mwaranzi anotadzisa kupararira kweutachiona hunokonzeresa zvimwe zvinokuvadza.

Iyo yavelength yeUVC ndeye 100 - 280 nm, uye yayo photon simba 4.43 - 12.4 eV uye 0.710 - 1.987 eV. Musainzi yekurapa, UVC inoshandiswa mukurapa maronda kubva kune mamwe ma lasers ane hunyanzvi uye marambi. Uyezve, kurapa vitiligo uye psoriasis neUVC ndiyo imwe yenzira dzinowanzozivikanwa nevanoverengeka nyanzvi dze skim.

Musiyano Pakati peUVA, UVB, & UVC

Tafura yekuenzanisa pazasi inofananidza mwenje wega wega pazvigadziko zvakasiyana.

Features	UVA	UVB	UVC
Wavelength (nm)	315 - 400	280 - 315	100 - 280
Kureba kwewavelength	Yakareba-wavelength UV	Wepakati-wavelength UV	Ipfupi-wavelength UV
Photon simba (eV, aJ)	3.10 - 3.94,0.497 - 0.631	3.94 - 4.43,0.631 - 0.710	4.43 - 12.4,0.710 - 1.987
Kutorwa ne ozone layer	Ozone layer yepasi haiibate.	Iyo ozone layer ndiyo inonyanya kuitora.	Iyo ozone layer inoitora zvachose.
kupinda	Zvikamu zvemukati zveganda	Mwero wepakati	Topmost surface
Migumisiro	Kuvaka kenza yeganda.	Kupisa kwezuva uye kunokuvadza melanoma.	Kupisa kwakanyanya kweganda uye kukuvara kwemaziso (photokeratitis).

Wavelength

Wavelength inotsanangura kutatamuka pakati pemapoinzi akarara pachikamu chakafanana chesaisai. Zvisinei, kureba kwesaisai zvakanyanya kunoenderana nepakati panofamba masaisai. Kureba kwemwaranzi yeUV kunoratidza kuti mafungu anogona kufamba kwenguva yakareba sei. Uyezve, inotaridza kufamba kwematanda kubva kune imwe svikiro kuenda kune imwe. Iwo marefu eUVA, UVB, uye UVC ari 315 - 400 nm, 280 - 315 nm, uye 100 - 280 nm.

Photon simba

Simba rinotakurwa neproton rimwe rinonzi photon energy. Iwe unogona kufungidzira kuti photon's wavelength inoramba iine inversely proportional kune simba rayo. Kusiyana neizvi, iyo electromagnetic frequency inowedzera neiyo photon simba. Uyezve, rudzi urwu rwesimba runoratidza kuwanda kwephoton yega yega maererano nemarambi echiedza. Inotsanangura zvakare kusimba kweiyo UV mwaranzi.

Kutorwa ne ozone layer

Ozone layer yepasi inokwanisa kukwezva masaisai kubva pa200 kusvika 310 nm. Zvakangodaro, kunyura kwayo kwakanyanya ndeye 250 nm. UVA wavelength ndeye 315 - 400 nm, saka ozone layer haitore. Iyo wavelength yeUVB neUVC ishoma, saka ivo vane chikamu uye vakanyoroveswa zvizere, zvichiteerana.

kupinda

Hurefu hwemasaisai uye kusimba kwemwaranzi yeUV inosarudza simba rekugadzira matanda. Sezvo iyo UVA wavelength inowedzera, inogona kupinda mukati meganda zviri nyore. UVB inoputika kusvika pakati pezvikamu, nepo UVC inogona kungosangana nepamusoro penzvimbo.

Migumisiro

Imwe neimwe mhando ye UV radiation inomutsa nyaya dzakasiyana dzeganda. UVA inoshanda zvakanyanya mukumutsa gomarara reganda. Nekudaro, inogona zvakare kududzirwa kuti inoshanda sedanho rekutanga kutanga kenza yeganda. Kunyanya kutarisana neUVB kunotungamirira mukupisa kwezuva uye kunyanya kuumbwa kwe melanin, iyo inotungamira melanoma yakaipa. Kunyanya kutarisana neUVC kunogona kukonzera photokeratitis, zvichiita kuti mumaziso matsvuku, kuzvimba kwemaziso, kutemwa nemusoro, uye kusaona zvakanaka.

Kubudirira kweUVC muInactivating SARS-CoV-2 Replication

UVC inoshanda ingangoita mukuongorora SARS-CoV-2 here? Zvinoshamisa kuti mhinduro ndihongu. Iyo inonyatso kunyaradza kutapurirana kweSARS-CoV-2. Kushanda kwehutachiona kudiki tichitarisa biosafety level 3 (BSL3) marabhoritari.

Nekudaro, mhedzisiro yehutachiona inogona kuongororwa zviri nyore maererano nedosi uye kutarisisa. Kana hutachiwana hwehutachiwana huchinzi hwakakwira, saka 3.7 mJ/cm2 dosage yeUVC inokwana.

Iyi chiyero chedosi inokwana kusashanda sero kutenderera uye nekudaro inhibisa kudzokororwa kwehutachiona. Kana mumwe munhu achitarisira kumisa iyo yese yekudzokorora maitiro, iyo yakakura dosage ye16.9 mJ/cm2 inodiwa.

UVC chishandiso chakakosha chinobatsira kuvharidzira kudzokororwa kwehutachiona munzvimbo dzakasiyana. Zvakare, iwo wavelengths eiyo UV radiation inoshanda zvakanyanya mukuuraya utachiona hunokuvadza.

Iyo yakafara wavelength yeUVC, 222 nm, yakamira seyakanakisa catalyst semushonga wekuuraya utachiona. Uyezve, iyi wavelength chaiyo yakakwana uye yakachengeteka kuvanhu uye nekudaro haipindire pahutano. Nekudaro, kusangana neUVC kubva kuKrCl excimer munzvimbo dzakafara kunobatsira kubatanidza kutapurirana kwehutachiona.

KrCl* excimers inokonzeresa kukuvadzwa mu nucleic acid neprotein ine yakakwira mapuroteni anotora ane wavelengths anosvika 222 nm kubva kuUVC.

FAQs

Short-wavelength ultraviolet mwaranzi ane ngozi zvakanyanya. Pakati pemarudzi ese emwaranzi yeUV, UVC ndiyo inoparadza zvakanyanya. Simba rekupinza reUVC harina kukwana nekuti haikwanise kuyambuka ozone layer ichisvika pasi.

Zvakadaro, UVC inokuvadza kana yawanikwa kubva kune ekugadzira magetsi masosi senge mercury vapor marambi. Nekudaro, zvakananga hazvitore chero chikamu mukutanga kenza yeganda. Kuratidzwa kwenguva refu kuUVC kunogona kutungamira kune dzakakomba nyaya dzeganda uye maronda.

UVB inonyanya kukonzera kupisa kwezuva. Nekudaro, ma radiation aya anogona kuparadza kunze uye ganda rinodzivirira uye pakupedzisira kushanda sedanho rekutanga regomarara reganda. Kunyanya kutarisana nezuva kunokuvadza squamous uye basal cell uye nokudaro kunokurudzira gomarara reganda. Kuputika kana kupisa kwezuva kwakanyanya kunogona kukonzera kusagadziriswa kweganda.

Melanoma imhando yegomarara reganda rinotanga kugadzirwa kwakanyanya kwe melanin. UVB inowanzoita chimiro chakadaro. Nekudaro, kutangwa kwekunyanyisa kugadzirwa kwe melanin kunokonzerwa nekunyanya kuratidzwa nezuva. UVB inokonzera oxidative kusagadzikana pamwe nekuparadzwa muDNA izvo zvinoguma nekuchinja. Nekudaro, kuzvimba kweganda ndeimwe yeyambiro yakajairika ye melanoma.

Unogona kuzvidzivirira nekupfeka ngowani ine upamhi hwakafara iyo inogona kuvhara nyore nzeve dzako, chiso, uye mutsipa zvakare. Pamusoro pezvo, magirazi ezuva anogona kuita senhoo yenzvimbo yakatenderedza maziso.

Kune rimwe divi, zvakakosha kuti uise sunscreen usati wabuda panze. Nezve sun protection factor (SPF), zvakakosha kuti nguva dzose ushandise zvinhu zvepamusoro kudzivirira ganda kubva kuUVA neUVB. Ndapota cherechedza kuti kupfeka sunscreen nguva dzose kana kwenguva yakareba hazvikurudzirwi, zvakadaro.

Zvakadaro, zviri nani kudzivirira chero kusangana nechiedza chemasikati pakati pe10:00 am na4:00 pm kuitira dziviriro iri nani. Zvakare, kugara mumithunzi kunogona kubatsira kudzivirira kupisa kwezuva.

Kupfeka hembe dzakakora kunogona kudzivirira chero munhu kubva kumwaranzi yezuva? Mhinduro ndihongu. Kupfeka semisynthetic kana zvipfeko zvekugadzira zvinogona zvakare kushanda sekuvhara kubva ku UV mwaranzi. Uyezve, zvipfeko zvinorema kana zvakakora zvemakushe uye denim zvinogonawo kuita sechidziviriro kubva mumwaranzi yezuva.

Hazvina kufanira kuzivisa vateereri kuti UV maranzi anoitirwa kukuvadza zvipingamupinyi zveganda zvinoguma negomarara. Dzimwe nguva UV mwaranzi inogona zvakare kuve chaiyo mutsara wemuviri. Inokurudzira kugadzirwa kwevhitamini D, iyo yakanyatsobatanidzwa ne phosphorus uye calcium absorption.

Nekudaro, Vitamin D inotamba hunhu hwakakosha mukuumbwa kwemapfupa nekutora calcium uye phosphorus. Iyi nzira murunyararo inobatsira kutanga skeletal kukura, pamwe nekugadzirwa kwemasero eropa.

UV mwaranzi inosimudzirwawo kurapa mamiriro eganda ane hukama neazvino phototherapy. Mwaranzi iyi inoshanda zvakanyanya kuita eczema, atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, etc. Kunyanya, UVB inoita zvirinani mukudenha kutenderera kwesero kwakaonekwa mumakeratinocytes.

Iyo UV index ndicho chishandiso chinoyera huwandu hwemwaranzi yeUV pamusoro penyika. Inotaridzawo kusimba kwemwaranzi yeUV. UVI inopa ruzivo pamusoro pekukosha kwekuzvidzivirira kubva kune UV mwaranzi.

Sekureva kweWorld Health Organisation, kana UVI iri 3 kana kupfuura iyo, saka zvakakosha kuchengetedza ganda kubva mumwaranzi yezuva. Kana iyo UVI iri pakati pe1 - 2, saka inoonekwa seyakaderera uye nekudaro yakatemwa seyakachengeteka kubuda kunze.

mhedziso

Kazhinji, vanhu vane pfungwa yokuti UV mwaranzi inokuvadza. Asi kune rumwe rutivi, yakashandawo zvakanaka muhurongwa hwekucheneswa uye munharaunda yekurapa. Kukanganisa kwemwaranzi yeUV kuri pachena zvekuti yakakunda nzvimbo dzayo dzakanaka. Mushure mekutarisa mukati me subtypes yematanda aya, kusimba uye kushanda kunogona kutsanangurwa zviri nyore.

Zvinoshamisa kuti UVC inogona zvakare kushanda zvine mukurumbira mukudzokorodza kana kuparadzira hutachiona hweSARS-CoV-2. Vateereri vanotenda kuti UV radiation inogara iri climacteric kukanganisa hutano hwevanhu. Nekudaro, iwo chaiwo wavelengths emwaranzi yeUV agara achiitwa zvakanaka kuchengetedza vanhu kubva kuhutachiona hunouraya hunoparadza hupenyu hwavo.

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