Lokacin siyan kayan haske, ƙimar lumen shine abin da kuke gani da farko. Amma ka san akwai wasu daidaitattun ma'aunin auna haske kamar candela da lux?
Idan kuna siyan fitilu ko hasken laser, yi la'akari da candela don haskaka haske. Kuma ga kayan aikin haske na gabaɗaya kamar LED tsiri, fitulun bututu, kwararan fitila, da sauransu, duba ƙimar lumen. Koyaya, don ingantaccen haske, ƙimar lux yana ba ku ƙarin cikakkun bayanai.
Bari mu bincika candela, lux, da lumen kuma mu koyi yadda ake amfani da waɗannan raka'a don zaɓar mafi kyawun haske ga kowane aikace-aikacen:
Menene Candela?
Candela (cd) shine naúrar ƙarfin haske. Wannan kalmar ta samo asali ne daga kalmar Latin 'Candela' kuma tana da alaƙa da tsananin kyandir. Misali, candela ɗaya yana kusan daidai da hasken kyandir.
Duk da haka, tare da ci gaban fasaha, ma'anar candela ya canza a cikin tsararraki. A shekarar 1979. Babban Taron kan Ma'auni da Ma'auni (CGPM) An bayyana candela kamar haka:
"Candela ita ce ƙarfin haske, a cikin hanyar da aka ba da ita, na tushen da ke fitar da radiation monochromatic na mitar 540 x 1012 hertz kuma yana da ƙarfin haske a cikin wannan shugabanci na 1/683 watt a kowane steradian."
Koyaya, sabon ma'anar, kamar yadda aka gyara a ranar 20 ga Mayu, 2019, ya fi rikitarwa kuma galibi an yi niyya ga masana fasaha. Wannan yana tafiya kamar:
“…. ƙayyadaddun ƙimar ƙima na ingantaccen ingantaccen hasken monochromatic na mitar 540 × 1012 Hz, Kcd, don zama 683 lokacin da aka bayyana a cikin naúrar lm⋅W-1, wanda yayi daidai da cd⋅sr⋅W-1, ko cd⋅sr⋅kg−1⋅m−2⋅s3, inda kilogram, mita da na biyu sune = -0987654321`an bayyana su cikin sharuddan h, c da ΔνCs."
Don sauƙaƙa, candela yana auna ƙarfin haske a cikin wata hanya ko kusurwa. Misali, ka yi tunanin hasken tabo wanda ke jagorantar hasken a wata takamammen hanya da kuma kwan fitila wanda ke yada hasken a kowane bangare. Wanne zai sami darajar candela mafi girma?
Hasken haske yana da ƙunƙun kusurwar katako kuma yana ba da haske mai hankali. Don haka, ƙarfin haskensa a wannan hanya ta musamman zai zama babba. Sabanin haka, hasken wutar lantarki zai bazu a duk kwatance, yana haifar da ƙananan darajar candela.
Menene Lux?
Lux (lx) shine ma'aunin ma'aunin don haske or saukakken haske kowane yanki na yanki. Yana auna adadin haske a kowace murabba'in mita na yanki.
1 lux yayi daidai da jimlar adadin hasken fili na murabba'in murabba'in 1 wanda aka kunna ta hanyar haske na lumen 1 wanda ke tsakanin mita 1. Don sauƙaƙe, 1 lux daidai yake da lumen 1 a kowace murabba'in mita.
Don sauƙaƙe, 1 lux daidai yake da lumen 1 a kowace murabba'in mita.
Don haka, don ƙimar lux, kuna buƙatar la'akari da yankin ɗakin ko nisan tushen hasken daga wani wuri. A wannan yanayin, ƙimar lux ta bambanta da murabba'in zuwa nesa.
Misali, haske mai 500 lumens yana kunna saman murabba'in mita ɗaya. Don haka ƙimar lux ɗin sa zai kasance (500 lm: 1 m2) = 500 lx. Yanzu, shigar da wannan haske na lumens 500 wanda aka nufa zuwa yanki mai murabba'in mita biyar. Ƙimar lux a nan za ta kasance (500 lm: 5 m2) = 100 lx, raguwa da sau 5.
Wato yayin da nisa tsakanin saman da hasken haske ya karu, ƙimar lux yana raguwa. Don haka, hasken da yake da haske a cikin ƙaramin ɗaki ba zai yi kama da haske ba idan an saka shi a cikin babban ɗaki.
Menene Lumen?
Lumen yana auna ƙimar jujjuyawar haske. Yana nuna cikakken haske na tushen haske daga kowane bangare.
An ayyana Lumen a matsayin adadin hasken da ake iya gani tushen haske na candela 1 yana fitowa cikin raka'a 1 na kusurwa mai ƙarfi (1/4π na yanki na sphere). Ba kamar candela (cd) ba, lumen baya ƙididdige hasken wani shugabanci. Madadin haka, yana la'akari da jimillar fitowar haske daga kowane bangare.
Misali, kwan fitila mai kimar candela 3 yana da ƙimar lumen na 38 lm (kimanin). Yanzu idan kun ɓoye rabin kwan fitila kuma ku bar haske ya haskaka ta cikin yanki ɗaya, ƙimar candela zata kasance iri ɗaya. Wannan shi ne saboda, daga wani nisa na musamman, ƙarfin haske na kwan fitila mai ɓoye har yanzu iri ɗaya ne. Koyaya, ƙimar lumen za a rage zuwa rabi kuma ya zama 19 lm yayin da kuka toshe rabin tushen haske.
Dangantaka Tsakanin Candela, Lux, da Lumens
Alakar da aka fi sani tsakanin waɗannan kalmomi guda uku ita ce, dukkansu su ne ma'aunin haske. Don fayyace manufar, bari mu sami tushen waɗannan sharuɗɗan-
a. Lumens da Candela: Dangantaka
Lumens wani nau'i ne na candela. Dukansu sharuddan suna auna haske; wato suna bayyana hasken tushen haske. Bambanci shine cewa lumens suna yin la'akari da hasken haske daga kowane bangare. Sabanin haka, Candela yayi la'akari da hakan don wata hanya ta musamman. Cikakkun yanki yana da tsayayyen kusurwa na 4π steradians, don haka tushen haske wanda ke haskakawa ɗaya daidai da candela ta kowane bangare yana da cikakken haske na:
| 1 cd × 4πsr = 4π cd · sr ≈12.57 lm 1 candela = 12.57 lumens |
Lura: Tun da candela da lumen raka'a ne daban-daban, zaku iya musanya su.
b. Lumens da Lux: dangantaka
An samo Lux daga lumen, don haka ƙimar lumen yana da tasiri mafi girma akan lux. A cikin sharuddan lissafi, 1 lx = 1lm/m². Wannan ma'auni yana ba da cikakkiyar wakilcin hasken haske fiye da lumens.
c. Lux da Candela: Dangantaka
Lux shine sigar awo na kyandir ɗin ƙafa (wani tsohon lokaci yana nufin candela). Don haka, candela, lux, da lumens suna da alaƙa da juna. Suna bayyana mabambantan ra'ayi guda uku, amma an haɗa su kuma ana iya canzawa.
| An samo asali daga Lux ———————→ Lumens ——————–→ Candela 1 lx = 1lm/m2 = 1 cd·sr/m2 |
Candela vs Lux vs Lumens - Menene Bambancin?
Candela vs Lux
Candela yana bayyana hasken haske a wani yanki na musamman. Sabanin haka, lux yana nuna adadin hasken da ya kai wani takamaiman wuri. Wato, lux yana da alaƙa da yankin da aka haskaka sararin samaniya, amma candela baya hulɗa da sararin samaniya.
Duk da haka, ƙimar lux ya dogara ne akan yanki da nisa tsakanin tushen haske da saman. Bayan haka, shi ma ya dogara da darajar candela. Amma candela ya kasance mai zaman kansa daga waɗannan abubuwan.
| sharudda | Candela (cd) | Lux (lx) |
| Matakan | Ƙarfin haske a takamaiman shugabanci | Adadin haske a cikin wani yanki na musamman |
| Nisa Tushen Haske | Ba ya tasiri | Yana shafar; sabani da nisa. |
| Yankin Hasken Haske | Ba ya tasiri | Yana shafar; sabani da nisa. |
Lux vs Lumens
Lumen yana bayyana adadin hasken da tushen haske ya haskaka. Sabanin haka, lux yana bayyana adadin hasken da ke faɗowa cikin wani yanki na saman.
Ta hanyar lumen, zaku iya gano yadda hasken haske yake. Mafi girman ƙimar lumen yana nufin fitowar haske mai haske. A halin yanzu, babban ƙimar lux yana nufin hasken hasken da ke faɗowa a takamaiman yanki yana haskakawa sosai. Don haka, bambanci a nan shine darajar lux ya dogara da nisa tsakanin tushen haske da farfajiyar haske. Amma lumen yana zaman kansa daga nesa.
Ko da yake lumen shine mafi yawan amfani da kima don auna haske, lux shine mafi mahimmancin ƙimar don auna tasirin haske. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa yakamata kuyi la'akari da ƙimar lux don hasken aiki mai haske. Ƙimar lux mafi girma yana tabbatar da haske mai dacewa a cikin wurin aiki, yana ba ku damar aiki da sauƙi.
| sharudda | Lux | Lumen |
| Ƙaddara | Adadin hasken da ya kai saman | Jimillar fitowar haske na tushen haske |
| Aminci | Darajar ya dogara da nisa da ƙimar lumen | Ƙimar ya dogara da ƙarfin tushen hasken |
| Nisa Tushen Haske | Al'amura; yayin da yankin ya karu, ƙimar lux yana raguwa | Babu matsala |
| Yankin saman | Al'amura; yayin da sararin saman yana ƙaruwa, ƙimar lux yana raguwa | Babu matsala |
| Hankula Amfani | Hasken ɗawainiya, hasken da aka mayar da hankali, misali: fitilun titi, hasashe, Da dai sauransu | Gabaɗaya haske, kamar LED tsiri fitilu, fitulun ruwa, da sauransu. |
Lumens vs Candela
Babban bambanci tsakanin lumen da candela shine cewa lumen yayi la'akari da fitowar haske daga tushen haske. Sabanin haka, candela yana auna ƙarfin hasken a cikin takamaiman shugabanci.
Ta amfani da ƙimar lumen, zaku iya samun ra'ayi na haske na tushen hasken. Amma candela yana ba ku damar sanin yadda haske zai bayyana a wani wuri. Don haka, ƙirar haske tare da ƙimar lumen mai girma na iya haskaka sararin samaniya. A halin yanzu, babban haske na candela yana nufin madaidaicin yana jagorantar katako mai mahimmanci, yana haifar da ƙarin haske mai zurfi.
Don haka, idan kuna neman hasken gabaɗaya, yi la'akari da fitilu tare da ƙimar haske mai girma. Kuma idan kun kasance cikin lafazin ko hasken ɗawainiya kuma kuna buƙatar haskaka haske, la'akari da manyan kwararan fitila masu daraja.
| sharudda | Lumens (lm) | Candela (cd) |
| Yin la'akari da jagorancin haske | Duk jagora (360° Sphere) | Takamaiman shugabanci (a wani kusurwa) |
| Beam Angle | wide | Tatsuniya |
| Aminci | Ƙimar ya dogara da jimillar fitowar haske na tushen | Ƙimar ya dogara da ƙaddamarwar katako a cikin takamaiman shugabanci. |
| Hankula Amfani | Gabaɗaya haske; misali, fitilar bututu, kwan fitila, hasken ruwa, da sauransu. | Fitilar da aka mayar da hankali, kamar fitillu, fitilun Laser, fitilun waƙa, da sauransu. |
Jadawalin Bambancin Gabaɗaya: Candela vs Lux vs Lumens
| bayani dalla-dalla | Candela | Lux | Lumens |
| Alamar (SI) | cd | lx | lm |
| definition | Candela shine matakin haske na tushen haske a wani kusurwa da shugabanci. | Adadin hasken da ke bugun kowane yanki na murabba'in mita shine Lux. | Lumen yana nuna jimlar fitowar haske a duk kwatance. |
| Matakan | Ƙarfin haske | Haske | Ruwan Fulawa |
| Dogara akan Nisa | A'a | A | A'a |
| Dogaro da Yankin Sama | A'a | A | A'a |
Yadda ake ƙididdige Candela, Lux, da Lumens?
Ana lissafin Candela
1 candela yayi daidai da 12.57 lumens. Koyaya, idan kun ga ƙimar lumen na kwan fitila a matsayin 1000lm, hakan baya nufin ƙarfin haske (cd) na kwan fitila shima 1000cd ne. Kuna buƙatar la'akari da ƙaƙƙarfan kusurwar haske mai haske don nemo lumen. Tsarin tsari yana tafiya kamar:
| Candela = ( Lumen /Matsakaicin kusurwa) cd = (lm/sr) |
Wato kwan fitila mai haske na 1000lm, yana rarraba haskensa a kan kayyadadden kwana na 2π steradian, yana da haske mai haske (cd) na (1000lm/2π sr) = (1000/6.2832) ≈159.15 cd.
(Lura: Vale na π (pie) ≈ 3.14159)
Yin lissafin Lux
Lux shine auna adadin hasken da fitilar lumen 1 ke fitarwa akan saman murabba'in mita daya. Don haka, dabarar tana tafiya kamar haka:
| 1 Lux = 1 Lumen a kowace murabba'in mita Ko, 1 lx = 1 lm/m² |
Wato, idan ka shigar da hasken lumen 1000 a cikin daki na mita 50, hasken da ke saman zai zama: (1000 lm/50m²) = 20lx.
Lissafin Lumen
Kuna iya lissafin lumen la'akari da candela da lux. Idan akai la'akari da darajar candela, tsarin lumen yana tafiya kamar haka:
| Lumen = Candela x Tsayayyen Angle 1 lm = 1 cd·sr |
Misali, idan kana da kwan fitila mai haske mai haske na 100 cd da kuma tsayayyen kusurwa na 2π sr, ƙimar lumen sa shine 100 cd × 2π sr = 100 × 6.2832 = 628.32 lm.
Duk da haka, don nemo darajar lumen ta amfani da lux, kuna buƙatar la'akari da yankin da aka haskaka. Tsarin tsari yana tafiya kamar:
| Lumen = Lux x Yanki lm = lx × m² |
A ce, bene tare da yanki na murabba'in mita 5 ya sami haske na 200 lx. Ƙimar lumen na kwan fitila zai kasance: 200lx x 5m² = 1000lm.
Abubuwan Da Suka Shafi Darajojin Candela, Lux, da Lumens
1. Nesa
Darajar lux ya dogara da nisa na haske / abu da hasken haske. Lux ya yi daidai da murabba'in nesa. Misali, idan nisa ya karu da ninki biyu, ƙimar lux zata ragu zuwa 1/4th na ƙimar farko.
Candela da ƙimar lumen baya canzawa tare da nisa. Misali, kwan fitila 1000-lumen zai fitar da 1000-lumen ko da kun tsaya 1m nesa ko 10 m nesa da shi. Koyaya, hasken zai yi kama da ƙarancin haske yayin da kuke tafiya nesa da tushen hasken.
2. Angle Of Radiance
Ƙananan kusurwa yana samar da ƙarin haske mai mahimmanci, yana ƙara darajar candela da lux. Bugu da ƙari, don kusurwa mai faɗi, yanki na sararin samaniya yana ƙaruwa, kuma yana rage darajar candela da lux. Koyaya, ƙimar lumen ta kasance ba ta tasiri ta kusurwar annuri.
3. Hasken Haske
Saboda karuwar shigar da wutar lantarki, ƙimar lumen na haske kuma yana ƙaruwa. Koyaya, don tabbatar da ingantaccen haske, dole ne kuyi la'akari da ƙarfin wutar lantarki. Hasken da ke ba da haske mai haske tare da ƙarancin wutar lantarki yana da ingantaccen haske.
Aikace-aikacen Aiki na Candela, Lux, da Lumen Rating A Zaɓan Daidaitaccen Daidaitawa
Candela, lux, da lumen tare suna jagorantar ku don zaɓar mafi kyawun haske don kowane nau'in aikace-aikacen. Wannan shine yadda yakamata kuyi amfani da waɗannan raka'a yayin zanen haske:
| Gabaɗaya Haske | Tsarin Hasken Gida | • Candela yana jagorantar ku don nemo ƙarin haske mai ƙarfi don hasken ɗawainiya • Lux yana taimakawa don ɗaukar matakan haske masu dacewa don ɗakuna daban-daban • Ƙimar Lumen yana ba ku ra'ayi na gaba ɗaya haske na sararin ku. |
| Hasken Titin Waje | • Candela yana ba ku damar ɗaukar fitilun tituna masu dacewa, yana tabbatar da gani mai kyau. • Lux yana taimaka muku sanin haske a cikin hanyoyi. • Ƙimar Lumens yana jagorantar ku akan ko haske yana da haske isa ya haskaka babban buɗaɗɗen sarari. | |
| Hasken Wasan kwaikwayo | • Babban darajar candela yana tabbatar da hasken haske a kan wasan kwaikwayo na wasan kwaikwayo yana haifar da kullun da aka mayar da hankali akan masu yin wasan kwaikwayo. • Yin la'akari da ƙimar lux, za ku iya cimma hasken da aka fi so akan mataki. • Ƙimar Lumen yana ba ku damar saita yanayin yanayin gaba ɗaya. Alal misali, ƙananan lumen zai sa matakin ya yi duhu, kuma ga babban lumen, matakin ku zai yi haske. | |
| Ƙwararrun Haske | Masu Zane-zanen Hasken Gine-gine | • Candela yana taimaka muku wajen haskaka abubuwa na musamman tare da kusurwar katako mai ma'ana • Ƙimar Lux yana taimaka muku don kawo mafi kyawun matakin haske a yankuna daban-daban • Lumens yana ba ku damar zaɓar matakin haske mai kyau don haskaka gine-ginenku. |
| Masu daukar hoto da masu daukar hoto | • Candela yana jagorantar ƙirƙirar inuwa na musamman da abubuwan da suka dace don buƙatun daukar hoto. • Ta hanyar la'akari da ƙimar lux, zaku iya samun bayyanar da ake so don cikakkun hotuna. • Lumens yana tabbatar da abin da kuka danna kuma ana iya ganin bayanansa da kyau. | |
| Hasken Masana'antu da Wurin Aiki | • Candela yana jagora zuwa haske mai haske akan wurin aiki • Lux yana kiyaye isasshen haske a cikin wurin aiki • Lumens suna ba da haske na gabaɗaya don aminci da ingantaccen hangen nesa na ma'aikaci. | |
| Masu Shirye-shiryen Birane da Masu Zanen Birni | • Candela, lux, da lumen suna jagorantar mai ƙira wajen shigar da kayan aiki daidai akan titi, hanyoyi, da wuraren jama'a. | |
| Retail da Kayayyakin Kayayyakin gani | • Candela yana taimaka muku wajen haskaka abubuwa na musamman • Lux yana tabbatar da cewa yankin nunin samfuran ku yana da haske sosai • Lumen yana tabbatar da yanayi mai daɗi ga abokin ciniki don haɓaka ƙwarewar sayayya. |
Ra'ayoyin Jama'a Game da Candela, Lux, da Lumens
Daidaita Watts tare da Haske
Mafi yawan kuskuren fahimta game da hasken haske shine auna shi ta wuta. Ka tuna, watts suna bayyana ikon amfani da kwan fitila, ba haskensa ba. Alal misali, kwan fitila mai haske 1000-lumen yana da ma'aunin watt 65, amma hasken LED zai iya ba da haske iri ɗaya tare da kawai 10-15 watts.
Wannan yana nufin hasken LED zai iya kawo haske iri ɗaya kamar kwan fitila mai ƙyalƙyali, yana ƙona ƙarancin kuzari. Wannan yana sa LEDs ya fi ƙarfin kuzari.
Yin watsi da Angle da Jagoranci
Wani kuskuren da aka saba yi shine rashin la'akari da kimanta kusurwa da jagorancin hasken haske yayin la'akari da darajar candela. Candela yana auna ƙarfin haske a cikin takamaiman shugabanci. Don haka, dole ne ku yi la'akari da kusurwar haske da shugabanci don samun hasken da ake so.
Mai da hankali sosai akan Lumens Kadai
Yayin siyan kowane kayan haske, ƙimar lumen shine kawai matrix wanda 98% na jama'a ke nema. Amma aikin ba daidai ba ne, kuma ba za ku iya samun tasirin hasken da ake so ba la'akari da ƙimar lumen kawai.
Misali, idan kuna siyan fitillu don haskaka aikin zanenku, la'akari da ƙimar candela. Ta wannan hanyar, don samun mafi kyawun fitowar haske, ɗauki duk matrices guda uku cikin la'akari.
Kalubale a Aunawa da Fassarar Candela, Lux, da Lumens
- Bambanci a tushen haske da abubuwan muhalli suna rinjayar ma'aunin matrix haske. Don haka, daidaitaccen tsarin ma'auni don candela, lux, da lumen wani lokaci yana haifar da rashin daidaituwa.
- Masu sana'a sukan magance kurakurai a cikin fassarar kusurwa da jagorancin haske. Wannan yana canza darajar candela.
- Tare da sabuntawar fasahar hasken wuta, akwai buƙatu mafi girma don haɓaka hanya da injina don auna kaddarorin haske.
Wanne ne Ma'aunin Ma'auni na Hasken Haske na LED Strips?
As LED tsiri fitilu galibi an tsara su don haskakawa gabaɗaya, daidaitaccen ma'aunin haskensa shine lumens. Amma, sau da yawa muna yin kuskuren auna haske na ratsi LED tare da wattage. Wannan gaba ɗaya aikin rashin adalci ne saboda fitilu daban-daban suna da inganci daban-daban.
Koyaya, ƙimar lumens ya bambanta da launi na tsiri LED. Misali, farin ratsin LED suna da ƙimar lumen mafi girma fiye da m LED ratsi.
Bayan haka, dangane da aikace-aikacen, kuna buƙatar la'akari da wasu raka'a kamar candela da lux ma.
Ta yaya Lumens & Wattage suke hulɗa?
Lumens suna nuna jimillar fitarwa da tushen haske ke samarwa, yayin da wattage shine makamashin da ake amfani da shi don tafiyar da hasken. Duk da haka, don yin la'akari da aikin hasken, dole ne ku yi la'akari da ingancin hasken ta hanyar sanin ƙimar lumen da Wattage.
A wannan yanayin, kwararan fitila masu ceton makamashi sune mafi inganci. Saboda suna samar da ƙimar lumen mafi girma ta amfani da mafi ƙarancin makamashi (wattage). Shi ya sa ake kiransu kwararan fitila masu ceton makamashi.
Ana ƙididdige ingancin haske azaman lumen kowace watt. Wato:
| Ingantaccen Haske, E = lm/W |
Don haka, aikin hasken yana ƙaruwa lokacin da ingancin ya inganta. A lokaci guda, fitillu masu inganci suna rage lissafin wutar lantarki.
FAQs
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Kodayake candela, lux, da lumen suna auna haske, duk ukun raka'a ne daban-daban. Don haka, kada ku taɓa haɗuwa ko musanya su. Don mafi kyawun saitin haske, la'akari da duk raka'a uku gefe da gefe yayin zayyana haske.
Koyaya, don tabbatar da daidaiton ƙimar da aka ambata a cikin marufi na haske, siyan kayan aiki daga samfuran abin dogaro. Hakanan, duba su takardar shaida domin ingantacciyar tabbaci.
