Kuwongolera koyenera kwa LED: Kuwunika Dimming ya PWM

By Martin Wan
Zasinthidwa: March 27, 2023

Kuunikira kwa LED kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri chifukwa champhamvu, kulimba, komanso moyo wautali. Chimodzi mwazinthu zovuta kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito ma LED ndikuwongolera kuwala kwawo. Apa, PWM dimming ndiyofunika. Kuwongolera kwa ma LED PWM dimming ndi njira yowongolera kuwala kwa LED posintha kugunda kwamphamvu kwamagetsi. Kuwala kwa PWM kukukondedwa kwambiri ngati njira yothandiza komanso yothandiza yowongolera magetsi a LED.

Kodi PWM dimming ndi chiyani?

Kutha kwa PWM kuwongolera zida zosiyanasiyana m'gawo lililonse lamagetsi ndizomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamakampani amakono amagetsi. Zizindikiro za PWM zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzimitsa ma LED, kuwongolera ma mota, ndikuyendetsa zida zosiyanasiyana zamagetsi. Chifukwa chake, ntchito ya njira ya PWM ndi yotani?

PWM ndi njira yochepetsera mphamvu yoperekera mphamvu ya chizindikiro chamagetsi. Kuphatikiza apo, njirayi imamalizidwa ndikulekanitsa bwino chizindikirocho m'zigawo zake. Pankhani ya magwiridwe antchito, kusinthana pakati pa katundu ndi gwero kumatha kuyatsidwa ndikuzimitsa mwachangu kuti muwongolere kuchuluka kwapakati ndi magetsi omwe amaperekedwa ku katunduyo.

Mwa kusinthasintha nthawi yomwe chizindikirocho chili chokwera (ON) kapena chotsika (OFF), PWM imalola kuwala kosiyanasiyana (OFF). Mosiyana ndi dimming ya analogi, yomwe imayimitsa ma LED posintha mphamvu yotulutsa, chizindikiro cha PWM chikhoza kukhala ON kapena WOZIMWA nthawi ina iliyonse, kutanthauza kuti ma LED adzalandira mphamvu zonse kapena opanda magetsi (mwachitsanzo, kupereka 10V m'malo mwa 12V kusintha kuwala).

Kodi Constant Current Reduction (CCR) ndi chiyani?

The kuchepetsa panopa njira imapereka kuyenda kosasunthika kwa LED (CCR). Mosiyana ndi njira ya PWM, momwe mawonekedwe a LED amasinthasintha pakati pa kuyatsa ndi kuzimitsa, LED imakhala yoyaka nthawi zonse. Komabe, mutha kuwongolera kuwala kwa LED posintha kapena kusintha magawo apano pogwiritsa ntchito CCR.

Ubwino wa CCR Dimming Method:

Ndi abwino kwa mapulogalamu akutali omwe amafunikira mawaya aatali komanso kukhazikika kwa EMI.
Madalaivala a CCR ali ndi zoletsa zamphamvu kwambiri (60 V) kuposa madalaivala a PWM (24.8 V). Izi zimagwiranso ntchito kwa madalaivala a Class 2 omwe ali ndi satifiketi ya UL kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito m'malo onyowa komanso owuma.

Kuipa kwa CCR Dimming Method:

Kusasinthika kwa kuwala kwa ma LED pa mafunde otsika kwambiri kumapangitsa njira ya CCR kukhala yosayenera kwa mapulogalamu omwe amafunikira dimiming pansi pa 10% ya kuwala kwakukulu. Pomaliza, mawonekedwe a LED opangidwa ndi njira iyi pamagawo apanowa ndi ochepa.
Kuyendetsa pang'onopang'ono kumabweretsa mthunzi wosagwirizana.

PWM ngati Chizindikiro cha Dimming

Tiyeni tiwonjezeke pakumvetsetsa kwathu kwaposachedwa kwa kusintha kwa pulse wide. Tsopano, PWM iyenera kudziwika ngati chizindikiro.

Zizindikiro zosinthira ma pulse wide modulation zimakhala ndi ma pulses a square-wave-shaped pulses (PWM). Pali nsonga ndi zigwa mu mawonekedwe a mafunde a chizindikiro chilichonse. Pa nthawi ndi pamene mphamvu ya chizindikiro ili pamwamba, pamene nthawi yopuma ndi pamene mphamvu ya chizindikiro ili yochepa.

Ntchito Yopanda

Ntchito yozungulira ndi pamene chizindikirocho chikhoza kukhalabe pamwamba pa lingaliro la dimming. Chifukwa chake, chizindikirocho chimakhala ndi 100% ntchito yozungulira ngati imakhalapo nthawi zonse. Chizindikiro cha PWM pa nthawi chikhoza kusinthidwa. Pamene ntchito ya PWM yakhazikitsidwa ku 50%, chizindikirocho chimathamanga 50% ya nthawiyo ndi 50% kuchoka.

pafupipafupi

Ma frequency a pulse wide modulation (PWM) ndi gawo lina lofunikira. Mafupipafupi a PWM amatsimikizira kuti nthawi yayitali bwanji - kuchuluka kwa nthawi yomwe imatengera kuti chizindikirocho chiyatse ndi kuzimitsa - chimatsirizidwa ndi chizindikiro cha PWM.

PWM ngati Kutulutsa kwa Madalaivala a LED

Pamene chizindikiro cha PWM chimasinthidwa kukhala magetsi a DC ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati LED yoyendetsa kutulutsa, kusinthasintha kwamphamvu kwamphamvu kumachitika. Dongosolo lotulutsa la PWM limadula mafunde a DC LED pakati pa maiko akuyatsa ndi kuzimitsa pafupipafupi. Chifukwa chake, chonyezimira chomwe chimapangitsa kusintha kwa kuwala kwa LED sikuwoneka ndi maso.

Anthu nthawi zambiri amasokoneza zinthu zingapo zokhudzana ndi kusiyanitsa pakati pa kutulutsa kwa PWM ndi chizindikiro cha dimming. Choncho tiyeni tione zinthu zingapo.

Makinawa amapanga chizindikiro cha PWM ngati chizindikiro cha digito, chomwe chimapangitsa kuti chikhale chogwirizana ndi chingwe chozimitsa. Mosiyana ndi izi, dalaivala amazindikira zomwe zikuchitika pozindikira kuzungulira kwa ntchito ya PWM.

PWM Dimming Drivers Pamsika

Ma driver a PWM dimming akukhala ofunikira pakuwunikira kwa LED. Komabe, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti madalaivala a PWM dimming amatha kuzindikirika m'njira ziwiri zosiyana, ndipo tiyeni tipeze zomwe ali.

PWM yabodza Dimming

Cholinga cha njira yabodza ya dimming ndikusinthira zolowetsa za PWM kukhala chizindikiro chowongolera analogi. Fyuluta ya resistor-capacitor (RC) imakhala mkati mwa dalaivala.

Fyuluta ya RC imasintha chizindikiro cha PWM kukhala voteji ya DC molingana ndi ntchito. Dimming yabodza ya PWM ili ndi mwayi wokhala wopanda phokoso, ndipo palibe phokoso pazotulutsa chifukwa magetsi a LED amapitilira.

Komabe, njirayi ndi yovuta chifukwa kulondola kwake ndikosauka ngati mtengo wapamwamba wa PWM uli pansi pa 10V. Komanso, mtengo wa resistor-capacitor (RC) umachepetsa kuchuluka kwa chizindikiro cha PWM.

Real PWM Dimming

Mu dimming yeniyeni ya PWM, mafunde a LED amayatsa ndikuzimitsa pafupipafupi komanso ntchito yotchulidwa. Kukhalapo kwa MCU kapena microcontroller mu dalaivala kumathandizira chizindikiro cha PWM kuti chizindikire ma voltages apamwamba. Dimming yeniyeni ya PWM imathandizira kufalikira kwa ma frequency a PWM.

Chofunikira pakukula kwa PWM ndikuthekera kwake kusunga mfundo yoyera pakutulutsa kwa LED. Kuphatikiza apo, mulingo wokwezeka wa voteji wopitilira zolakwika za offset ndiwololedwa.

Pulogalamu yopititsa patsogolo dalaivala imafuna ogwiritsa ntchito kusankha PWM dimming mode.

Kusintha Ntchito Yozungulira (Kuwala) Ndi PWM

Pomwe zoperekerazo zimayatsidwa ndi KUZIMItsidwa mwachangu kwambiri pogwiritsa ntchito kutulutsa kwamtundu wa pulse, ma LED sagwedezeka. Duty Cycle ndi mawu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofotokoza kuyeza kwa kuwala kwa PWM.

Kuzungulira kwa ntchito ndi gawo la nthawi yoyendetsera dera yomwe ili ONSE. Kuzungulira kwa ntchito kumawonetsedwa ngati peresenti, pomwe 100 peresenti ikuyimira mawonekedwe owoneka bwino kwambiri (ONSE) ndi kuchepa kwapang'onopang'ono zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kuwala kwa LED kusakhale koyipa.

Chizindikiro cha PWM chimakhala ndi 50% ntchito yozungulira ngati ili pa 50% ya nthawiyo ndikuchotsa 50% ya nthawiyo. Chizindikirocho chimawoneka ngati mawonekedwe a square wave, ndipo kuwala kwa magetsi kuyenera kukhala pafupifupi pafupifupi. Pamene kuchuluka kuli kwakukulu kuposa 50%, chizindikirocho chimathera nthawi yochuluka mu boma la ON kusiyana ndi OFF state, ndi mosemphanitsa pamene ntchitoyo ili yochepa kuposa 50%.

Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) motsutsana ndi Dimming ya Analogi ya ma LED

Ndi kukula kwakukulu kwa kuyatsa kwa LED pamsika, pakhala kukwera kwachilengedwe kwakufunika kwa madalaivala a LED ogwira ntchito bwino komanso oyendetsedwa bwino. Kuti musunge njira yochepetsera mphamvu komanso kusinthasintha kogwiritsa ntchito komaliza kwa mapangidwe a LED, nyali zapamsewu "zanzeru", tochi, ndi zizindikilo za digito, pakati pa ntchito zina, zimafunikira mafunde oyendetsedwa bwino ndipo, nthawi zambiri, magwiridwe antchito amdima.

Kusintha kwa PWM

Ndi pulse wide modulation (PWM) dimming, nyali ya LED imayatsidwa ndikuzimitsa kwakanthawi. Pofuna kupewa kuthwanima, kuyatsa/kuzimitsa pafupipafupi kuyenera kukhala kofulumira kuposa momwe diso lamunthu lingazindikire (nthawi zambiri kupitilira 100Hz). Dimming ya PWM itha kukhazikitsidwa kudzera m'njira zosiyanasiyana:

Kugwiritsa ntchito chizindikiro cha PWM kusintha voteji mwachindunji.
Pogwiritsa ntchito transistor yotseguka
Ndi microcontroller.

Avereji yaposachedwa ya LED ndi yofanana ndi kuchuluka kwanthawi yake yonse yomwe ilipo komanso ntchito yake yocheperako. Wopangayo akuyeneranso kuganizira za kuchedwa kwa kutsekeka kwa chosinthira ndi kuyambitsa, zomwe zimayika malire pamafupipafupi a PWM dimming ndi kuchuluka kwa ntchito.

Analogi Dimming

Kusintha mulingo wamakono wa LED kumatchedwa dimming ya analogi. Kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi owongolera a DC kapena ma dimming oletsa kutha kuchita izi. Ngakhale kuti dimming ya analogi tsopano imalola kusintha kwa mulingo, kutentha kwamtundu kumatha kusuntha. Dimming ya analogi sikovomerezeka kwa mapulogalamu omwe mtundu wa LED ndi wofunikira.

Tiyeni tiwone kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa PWM & dimming ya analogi

Kusintha kwa PWM	Analogi Dimming
Kuwala kumasinthidwa ndikuwongolera nsonga yapamwamba mu dalaivala	Kuwala kusinthidwa posintha DC kupita ku LED
Palibe Color Shift	Possible Color Shift monga kusintha kwa LED panopa
Mavuto omwe angakhalepo pakali pano	Palibe inrush panopa chipangizo
Kuchepetsa pafupipafupi & zovuta zomwe zingachitike pafupipafupi	Palibe zodetsa nkhawa pafupipafupi
Kusintha kwa mzere wowala kwambiri	Kuwala kwa mzere sikuli bwino
Lower Optical kuti magetsi aziyenda bwino	Kuwoneka bwino kwambiri kwamagetsi (> lumens pa watt yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito)

Malingaliro a Hardware Kwa PWM

Kuwala kwa PWM kumafuna malingaliro ena popanga dongosolo (kapena PC board).

Dalaivala nthawi zambiri amafunikira ndi ma LED amtundu wa backlight chifukwa chazomwe zilipo. Kutulutsa kwa digito, monga kochokera ku microcontroller, sikungagwiritsidwe ntchito kuyendetsa molunjika.

Mtundu wowongoka wowongoka wa FET (Field-Effect Transistor) wamtundu wa transistor nthawi zambiri umagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati dalaivala pamapulogalamu osiyanasiyana. Chotsutsa pachipata chiyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kusintha FET kuti chiwongolere chipata chamakono, ndipo chotsutsa n'chofunika ngati chiletso chomwe chilipo chikufunidwa. Onetsetsani kuti mwayang'ana ma voltages oyendetsa ma backlight ndi mafunde pa LCD.

Dalaivala wamtundu wa LED amatha kuyendetsa kuwala kwa LED pamafunde apamwamba komanso moyenera. Madalaivalawa ndi ovuta kwambiri, ndipo katswiri wa IC nthawi zambiri amagwira ntchito yosinthira. Kuyika kwa PWM pa ma IC angapo adapangidwa kuti azitha kuzimitsa.

Ngati microcontroller ikugwiritsidwa ntchito, chisamaliro chiyenera kutengedwa kuti chigwirizane ndi pini yotulutsa yomwe imathandizira kutulutsa kwa PWM (timer / counter) ngati PWM ikugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ntchito ya hardware.

PWM - Malingaliro a Firmware/Software

Dimming ya PWM imafuna malingaliro apadera a dongosolo (kapena bolodi la PC).

Chifukwa pamawonekedwe apamwamba, ma LED amtundu wa backlight amafuna dalaivala. Zotulutsa za digito, monga zochokera ku ma microcontroller, sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuyendetsa mwachindunji.

Nthawi zambiri, transistor yamtundu wa FET (Field-Effect Transistor) imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati dalaivala pamagwiritsidwe osiyanasiyana. Kusintha FET kuti muwongolere chipata chapano kumafuna chopinga pachipata, ndipo chopinga chimafunikira ngati malire apano akufunidwa. Yang'anani tsatanetsatane wa LCD kuti muwone ma voltages oyendetsa ndi mafunde olondola.

Dalaivala wamtundu wa LED amatha kuyendetsa nyali yakumbuyo ya LED bwino komanso pamafunde akulu. Madalaivalawa ndi ovuta kwambiri, ndipo ntchito yosinthira nthawi zambiri imayendetsedwa ndi IC yapadera. Zolowetsa zingapo za ICs 'PWM zimapangidwa makamaka kuti zigwiritse ntchito dimming.

Ngati PWM ikugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ntchito ya hardware, chidwi chiyenera kupangidwa kuti chigwirizane ndi pini yotulutsa yomwe imathandizira kutulutsa kwa PWM (timer/counter) pa microcontroller.

Magwiridwe a PWM Ndi Ma Applications

Nthawi zoyatsa ndi kuzimitsa zosinthira zimasunthidwa molingana ndi mnzake, kuchuluka kwa magetsi omwe amaperekedwa ku katundu kumakwera. Monga momwe zikuyembekezeredwa, kulamulira kwamtunduwu kumapereka ubwino wambiri.

PWM yophatikizidwa ndi kutsata kwamphamvu kwamphamvu kwambiri, kapena MPPT, ndi njira imodzi yochepetsera kutulutsa kwa solar kuti ikhale yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito batire.

PWM, kumbali ina, ndi yabwino kupatsa mphamvu zida za inertia, monga ma motors, chifukwa kusintha kwapadera kumeneku sikumakhudza kwambiri. Chifukwa cha ulalo wa mzere pakati pa magwiridwe antchito a ma LED ndi magetsi olowera, izi zimagwiranso ntchito ku ma LED.

Kuphatikiza apo, ma frequency osinthira a PWM sayenera kukhala ndi mphamvu pa katunduyo, ndipo mawonekedwe ake ayenera kukhala osalala mokwanira kuti katundu azindikire.

Kutengera chipangizocho ndi ntchito yake, kusinthasintha kwamagetsi kumasiyana kwambiri. Magawo amagetsi, magetsi apakompyuta, ndi zokulitsa mawu zonse zimafuna masinthidwe amitundu makumi kapena mazana a kilohertz.

Ubwino winanso wofunikira pakutengera PWM ndikuwonongeka kwamagetsi otsika kwambiri pakusintha zida. Chophimbacho chikazimitsidwa, palibe mphamvu yomwe imadutsamo. Kuphatikiza apo, chosinthira chikayatsidwa ndikutumiza magetsi ku katundu wake, pamakhala kutsika kwamagetsi kosavomerezeka kudutsa.

Nkhani

Chilichonse Chimene Muyenera Kudziwa Zokhudza DMX512 Control

Chilichonse chomwe muyenera kudziwa Zokhudza Triac Dimming ya ma LED

Momwe Mungayimitsire Magetsi a Mzere wa LED

Momwe Mungasankhire Mphamvu Yoyenera ya LED

DMX vs. DALI Lighting Control: Ndi Iti Yoti Musankhe?

Chitsogozo Chachikulu Kwambiri ku 0-10V Dimming

FAQs

Inde, PWM dimming imagwirizana ndi ma LED onse. Mayendedwe oyendetsa oyendetsa a LED amasintha mawonekedwe amtundu wa siginecha ya PWM kuti aziwongolera zomwe zaperekedwa ku LED, zomwe zimalola kuwongolera bwino kwa mulingo wa kuwala kwa LED. Komabe, posankha chowongolera cha LED cha PWM dimming yankho, ndikofunikira kuganizira mawonekedwe amagetsi a LED komanso zofunikira zamagetsi kuti zitsimikizire kuti magwiridwe antchito ndi otetezeka.

Kuyimilira kowonekera kwa pulse-width modulation (PWM) komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pochepetsa magetsi a LED kumatchedwa chiwonetsero cha PWM. Chizindikiro cha PWM ndi chizindikiro cha square wave chomwe chimasinthasintha pakati pa ma voltages apamwamba ndi otsika. Kuwala kwa LED kumatsimikiziridwa ndi kutalika kwa mulingo wamagetsi okwera (m'lifupi mwake). Nthawi zambiri, mawonekedwe a PWM dimming amapereka chithunzi cha chizindikiro cha PWM, chokhala ndi x-axis yosonyeza nthawi ndi y-axis yoimira ma voltage. Ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kugwiritsa ntchito chiwonetserochi kuti awone chizindikiro cha PWM ndikusintha kuzungulira kwa ntchito kuti apeze mulingo wowala wofunikira.

Ma LED amagwiritsa ntchito kuwala kwa PWM kuti azitha kuyang'anira kuwala kwawo ndikupulumutsa mphamvu. Ma LED amatulutsa kuwala pamene magetsi akudutsa mu semiconductor, mosiyana ndi mababu a incandescent, omwe amapanga kuwala akatenthedwa ndi magetsi. Izi zikuwonetsa kuti kuwala kwa LED kumayenderana ndi kuchuluka kwa magetsi omwe amatumizidwa kudzera pamenepo.

Posintha kugunda kwa siginecha ya PWM, woyendetsa wa LED amatha kusinthasintha zomwe zimaperekedwa ku LED. Dalaivala wa LED amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa magetsi omwe amaperekedwa ku LED pochepetsa kugunda kwamphamvu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kuwala kuchepe. Izi zimapulumutsa mphamvu ndikuwonjezera moyo wa LED.

Kuphatikiza apo, poyerekeza ndi dimming ya analog, dimming ya PWM imalola kuwongolera kwenikweni kwa kuwala kwa ma LED. Dimming ya analogi imagwira ntchito pochepetsa mphamvu yamagetsi yomwe ikugwiritsidwa ntchito pa LED, zomwe zingayambitse kutsetsereka komanso kuchepera kofanana. Kuwala kwa PWM, kumbali ina, kumapereka chidziwitso chokhazikika komanso chosavuta.

Ponseponse, dimming ya PWM ndi njira yofunika kwambiri yosinthira kuwala kwa LED ndikukulitsa chuma champhamvu.

Kuti muyimitse LED ndi PWM, mufunika dalaivala wa PWM-LED komanso chowongolera chomwe chingatulutse chizindikiro cha PWM. Zotsatirazi ndi njira zochepetsera kuwala kwa LED ndi PWM:

1. Sankhani dalaivala wa LED yemwe amathandizira kuzimiririka kwa PWM: Onetsetsani kuti dalaivala wa LED yemwe mwasankha amathandizira kuzimiririka kwa PWM ndipo ikugwirizana ndi LED yomwe mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito.

2. Sankhani chowongolera cha PWM: Sankhani chowongolera cha PWM chomwe chingathe kupanga chizindikiro cha PWM chogwirizana ndi dalaivala wa LED womwe mwasankha.

Gwirizanitsani dalaivala wa LED ndi chowongolera cha PWM motere: Lumikizani zotulutsa zowongolera za PWM ku dimming input ya dalaivala wa LED. Nthawi zonse tsatirani dongosolo la waya woperekedwa ndi wopanga madalaivala a LED.

4. Dziwani nthawi ya ntchito: Nthawi ya ntchito ndi gawo la nthawi yomwe chizindikiro cha PWM "chiyatsa." Kuwala kwa LED kumatsimikiziridwa ndi kayendetsedwe ka ntchito. Kuzungulira kokulirapo kumatulutsa kuwala kwa LED, pomwe kucheperako kumatulutsa kuwala kwa LED. Pogwiritsa ntchito chowongolera cha PWM, ikani kuzungulira kwa ntchitoyo pamlingo womwe mukufuna.

5. Yesani ndikusintha: Kuti mupeze mulingo wowala wofunikira, yesani ma LED ndikusintha kuzungulira kwa ntchito ngati pakufunika.

Kuchepetsa kuwala kwa LED ndi PWM kumaphatikizapo kusankha dalaivala wogwirizana wa LED ndi wowongolera wa PWM, kuwalumikiza moyenera, kusintha kayendedwe ka ntchito, kenako kuyesa ndikusintha mpaka mulingo wowala womwe ukufunidwa utapezeka.

Mukagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi magetsi a LED, ma dimmer a PWM amatha kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu. PWM dimming imayang'anira kuchuluka kwa magetsi omwe amatumizidwa ku LED, yomwe imasintha mwachindunji mulingo wake wowala. Dimmer ya PWM imachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kwa LED potsitsa zomwe zaperekedwa kwa iyo.

Kuthima kwa PWM mu Makanema a LED ndi njira yosinthira kuwala kwa skrini poyatsa ndi kuyatsa mwachangu kuyatsa chakumbuyo. Imapulumutsa mphamvu ndikuwongolera kusiyanitsa, koma imathanso kutulutsa kunjenjemera ndi kusayenda bwino. Kuti athane ndi zovuta izi, Makanema ena a LED amagwiritsa ntchito njira yocheperako kwambiri ya PWM.

Izi zimatsimikiziridwa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito. Ma frequency apamwamba a PWM ndiwopindulitsa pakuchepetsa ma LED chifukwa amapangitsa kuti pakhale kusawoneka bwino komanso kuchita bwino kwa dimming. Kutsika kwafupipafupi kwa PWM, kumbali ina, kumatha kukhala kopindulitsa pakuwongolera magalimoto chifukwa kumachepetsa kuchuluka kwa phokoso lamagetsi lopangidwa ndi mota.

PWM sichifupikitsa moyo wa ma LED. Kuwala kwa PWM, kwenikweni, kungathandize kuwonjezera moyo wa LED mwa kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa magetsi operekedwa ku LED, zomwe zingalepheretse kutentha kwa kutentha ndikutalikitsa moyo wa LED.

Ayi, si magetsi onse a LED omwe amatha kuzimitsa. Magetsi a LED ocheperako amatchulidwa kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito ndi zowongolera zowala. Ndikofunikira kuyang'ana bokosi la nyali ya LED kapena zolemba zake kuti muwone ngati ndizozimiririka.

Zimatsimikiziridwa ndi kuwala kwa LED. Kuchepetsa magetsi ena a LED kumafuna kukhazikitsa chowongolera choyenera cha dimming kapena kusintha dalaivala wa LED ndi dalaivala wozimitsa wa LED. Komabe, si magetsi onse a LED omwe angathe kuzimitsidwa, motero ndikofunikira kuyang'ananso mawonekedwe a nyali ya LED musanayese kuyimitsa.

Dimmer yabwino kwambiri pamagetsi a LED imatsimikiziridwa pamtundu wa LED ndi dalaivala wa LED omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ndikofunikira kusankha dimmer yomwe imamangidwa momveka bwino kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito ndi kuyatsa kwa LED ndipo ikugwirizana ndi miyezo yamagetsi ya LED ndi dalaivala wa LED. Magetsi ena a LED amafuna mitundu ina ya dimmers, monga ma dimmers aku trailing-edge kapena ma dimmer akutsogolo, kotero musanasankhe dimmer, onetsetsani phukusi kapena zowunikira za nyali ya LED.

Ayi, PWM sisintha magetsi operekedwa ku chipangizo cholamulidwa. Imasinthasintha kayendedwe ka ntchito ya siginecha, yomwe imasintha kutalika kwa nthawi yomwe siginecha ili "pa" ndikusunga mphamvu yamagetsi.

Ma LED akhoza kuzimitsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito magetsi. Njira imodzi yochepetsera ma LED ndi dimming ya analogi, yomwe imaphatikizapo kutsitsa magetsi operekedwa ku LED. Kuwala kwa PWM, kumbali ina, ndi njira yofala kwambiri yochepetsera ma LED chifukwa imalola kuwongolera kosavuta komanso koyenera.

PWM LED dimming ndi njira yosinthira kuwala kwa nyali za LED poyatsa ndikuzimitsa magetsi kupita ku LED. Kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa mphamvu yamagetsi yomwe imapereka kuwala kwa LED kumatulutsa kuthwanima komwe kumakhala kwachangu kwambiri kuti diso la munthu lizindikire. Kuwala kwa PWM LED kumapulumutsa mphamvu ndipo kumapereka kuwongolera kosavuta, kolondola kwambiri kuposa dimming ya analogi.

Ayi, si mafani onse a PWM omwe amagwira ntchito pa 12V. Mafani a PWM amabwera mumitundu yosiyanasiyana yamagetsi, kuphatikiza 5V, 12V, ndi 24V. Kuti mutsimikizire kuti ikugwirizana ndi chinthu chomwe chikuzimitsidwa, yang'anani kuchuluka kwa magetsi a PWM fan.

Inde, magetsi ndi ofunika mu PWM. Mphamvu yamagetsi ya PWM iyenera kugwirizana ndi chipangizo chomwe chikuyendetsedwa. Mwachitsanzo, ngati chipangizochi chikufuna siginecha ya 5V PWM, kugwiritsa ntchito siginecha ya 12V PWM kungapangitse kuti zisagwire ntchito. Kuti mutsimikizire kugwirizana, fufuzani zomwe zikuwongoleredwa ndi woyang'anira PWM.

PWM itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito posinthana pakali pano komanso pakali pano. Chizindikiro cha PWM, kumbali ina, chiyenera kusinthidwa kuti chigwirizane ndi mtundu wa ntchito. Chizindikiro cha PWM chiyenera kusinthidwa kukhala mawonekedwe a AC pogwiritsa ntchito inverter kapena zida zofananira kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito pamapulogalamu a AC. Chizindikiro cha PWM chingagwiritsidwe ntchito mwachindunji kuwongolera chipangizo chomwe chikugwiritsidwa ntchito mu DC.

Ayi, kugwiritsa ntchito dalaivala wa 24V kwa 12V LED sikulangizidwa. Kuti zitsimikizire kuti zikugwira ntchito motetezeka komanso moyenera, magetsi operekedwa ku LED ayenera kufanana ndi mphamvu yamagetsi a LED. Kugwiritsa ntchito dalaivala wokwera kwambiri kumatha kuwononga LED ndikufupikitsa moyo wake. Ndikofunikira kusankha dalaivala yemwe akufanana ndi zosowa za magetsi a LED.

Sikulangizidwa kugwiritsa ntchito dalaivala wa 24V wokhala ndi magetsi a 12V LED. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito dalaivala wapamwamba kwambiri, magetsi a LED amatha kutentha kwambiri ndikulephera msanga. Ndikofunikira kusankha dalaivala yemwe amagwirizana ndi ma voliyumu a magetsi a LED omwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito.

Ma frequency abwino a PWM a dimming ya LED nthawi zambiri amawoneka kuti amakhala pamwamba pa 100 Hz kuti asawonekere, ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala mozungulira 500 Hz mpaka 1 kHz kupewa phokoso lomveka.

Kuti muchepetse kufiyira mukamagwiritsa ntchito PWM dimming, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito ma frequency apamwamba a PWM, kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa ntchito, ndikugwiritsa ntchito capacitor yokulirapo pamayendedwe oyendetsa a LED. Kuphatikiza apo, mutha kugwiritsanso ntchito njira zapamwamba kwambiri za dimming monga dimming analogi kapena hybrid dimming.

Ubwino waukulu wogwiritsira ntchito PWM dimming pa njira zina za dimming ndikuti ndi njira yosavuta komanso yotsika mtengo, imapereka mlingo wapamwamba kwambiri, ndipo sichimapanga kutentha kwakukulu. Kuonjezera apo, PWM dimming imagwirizana ndi madalaivala osiyanasiyana a LED ndipo imatha kuwongoleredwa mosavuta ndi microcontroller kapena ma circuitry ena a digito.

Chidule

PWM dimming ndi njira yosavuta komanso yotsika mtengo yosinthira kuwala kwa nyali za LED. Dimming ya PWM ili ndi maubwino osiyanasiyana pa dimming ya analogi, kuphatikiza chuma chambiri champhamvu, kuwongolera bwino, komanso moyo wautali. Imapereka, komabe, ikupereka nkhani zingapo, monga EMI yotheka komanso kufunikira kwa mabwalo osinthira pafupipafupi. Komabe, kuwala kwa PWM ndi njira yofunikira pakuwongolera magetsi a LED, ndipo tsogolo lake likuwoneka ngati labwino.

LEDYi amapanga apamwamba kwambiri Mizere ya LED ndi neon flex ya LED. Zogulitsa zathu zonse zimadutsa m'ma laboratories apamwamba kwambiri kuti zitsimikizire kuti zili bwino kwambiri. Kupatula apo, timapereka zosankha makonda pamizere yathu ya LED ndi neon flex. Chifukwa chake, pamzere wapamwamba wa LED ndi LED neon flex, kulumikizana ndi LEDYi POSACHEDWA!

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Martin Wan

Moni, ndine Martin, Co-founder wa LEDYi Lighting. Ndakhala ndikuyendetsa fakitale ku China yomwe imapanga Mzere wa LED ndi neon ya LED kwa zaka 10 tsopano, ndipo cholinga cha nkhaniyi ndikugawana chidziwitso chokhudzana ndi mzere wa LED ndi neon ya LED kuchokera kumawonedwe a ogulitsa aku China.

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Kuwongolera koyenera kwa LED: Kuwunika Dimming ya PWM

Kodi PWM dimming ndi chiyani?