Kukho izibane ezahlukeneyo ze-led strip kwimarike, kwaye ezi zibane ze-LED zivela kubavelisi abohlukeneyo. Xa sithenga iilaphu ezilethiweyo, siwujonga njani umgangatho wemigca ekhokelayo? Enye yeendlela ezithe ngqo kukubuza umenzi westrip ye-LED "ngengxelo yovavanyo lwesphere edibanisayo". Ngokufunda ingxelo yovavanyo lwesphere edibanisayo, unokwazi ngokukhawuleza iiparamitha ezahlukeneyo zemveliso ukuvavanya umgangatho wemveliso kwasekuqaleni. Kuba ingxelo yovavanyo lwesphere edibanisayo iqulethe iiparamitha ezininzi, abantu abaninzi banokungayiqondi. Eli nqaku liza kuchaza ipharamitha nganye kwingxelo yovavanyo lwesphere yokudibanisa. Ndiyakholelwa ukuba emva kokuyifunda, unokuqonda ngokulula ingxelo yovavanyo lwesphere kwixa elizayo. Ngoko masiqalise.
Yintoni i-Integrating Sphere?
An inqanaba lokudibanisa (ekwabizwa ngokuba yi- I-Ulbricht sphere) lilungu lokukhanya elibandakanya umngxuma ongqukuva ongaphakathi ogqunywe ngesitya esimhlophe esikhanyayo, esinemingxuma emincinci yokungena nokuphuma kumazibuko. Ipropati yayo echaphazelekayo yinto efanayo yokusabalalisa okanye i-diffusing effect. Isehlo semitha yokukhanya kuyo nayiphi na indawo kumphezulu ongaphakathi, ngokubonakaliswa kokusasaza okuninzi, isasazwe ngokulinganayo kuwo onke amanye amanqaku. Iimpembelelo zendlela yokuqala yokukhanya ziyancitshiswa. I-sphere edibanisayo inokucingelwa njenge-diffuser egcina amandla kodwa itshabalalisa ulwazi lwesithuba. Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziswa kunye nomthombo othile wokukhanya kunye nesixhobo sokulinganisa amandla okukhanya. Isixhobo esifana neso sijoliso okanye i-Coblentz sphere, eyohlukayo ngokuba inesipili esifana nesibuko (specular) somgangatho wangaphakathi kunokuba sisasazeke ngaphakathi. Ukuba ufuna ukwazi iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe, nceda undwendwele inqanaba lokudibanisa.
Ukuhlanganisa iNgxelo yoVavanyo lweSphere
Lo mfanekiso ungezantsi yingxelo yovavanyo evela kumzi-mveliso wethu odibanisayo. Njengoko ubona, ingxelo yovavanyo lwesphere edibanisayo yahlulwe kakhulu yangamacandelo asixhenxe.
- okuphezulu okungaguqukiyo ephepheni
- Ukwabiwa kwaMandla okuLalelanayo
- Ukuhambelana koMbala kweMacadam Ellipse
- Iiparamitha zombala
- Iiparamitha zePhotometric
- Ubume besixhobo
- Ngeenyawo
1. Iheda
I-header ine-brand kunye nolwazi lwemodeli ye-sphere yokudibanisa. Uphawu lokudibanisa inkampani yethu yi-EVERFINE, kwaye imodeli yi-HAAS-1200. EVERFINE I-Corporation (iKhowudi ye-Stock: 300306) ngumthengisi oqeqeshiweyo we-photoelectrical (i-optical, umbane, i-opto-electronical) isixhobo sokulinganisa kunye nenkonzo yokulinganisa, kunye nokukhokela kwintsimi ye-LED kunye nesixhobo sokulinganisa ukukhanyisa. I-EVERFINE liShishini leSizwe eliQinisekisiweyo loBuchwephesha obuPhezulu, iLungu eliXhasayo leCIE, iFirm ye-ISO9001 eBhalisiweyo, iShishini likaRhulumente leSiqinisekiso seSoftware & neSoftware yeMveliso yeShishini, kwaye ungumnikazi weZiko lePhondo eliPhezulu le-R&D, kunye ne-NVLAP evunyiweyo yeLab (ikhowudi yeLab 500074-0 ) kunye neCNAS evunyiweyo iLab (ikhowudi yeLab L5831). Ngo-2013 nango-2014, i-EVERFINE yagwetywa yi-Forbes njengezona Nkampani zase-China ezinoLudwe lwezona Nkampani.
2. Ulwabiwo lwaMandla oMbane Spectral
Kwiradiometry, iphotometry, kunye nesayensi yemibala, a Unikezelo lwamandla okubonwa (SPD) umlinganiselo uchaza amandla ngeyunithi yendawo nganye ngeyunithi ubude bendawo yokukhanya (i-radiant exitance). Ngokubanzi, igama losasazo lwamandla okubonwa lingabhekisa kugxininiso, njengomsebenzi wobude bobude, bayo nasiphi na isixa seradiometric okanye ifotometric (umzekelo, amandla akhazimlayo, ukuqukuqela okukhazimulayo, ukuqaqamba okuqaqambayo, ukuqaqamba, ukuqaqamba, ukuqaqamba, ukuqaqamba, ukuqaqamba kwemitha, ukukhanya, ukukhanya okukhanyayo. , ukuqina okukhanyayo, ukukhanya, ukukhupha okukhanyayo).
Ukwabiwa kwaMandla okuLalelanayo
Umlinganiselo we-spectral concentration (i-irradiance okanye ukuphuma) kwi-wavelength enikeziweyo ukuya kugxininiso lwe-reference wavelength inikeza i-SPD ehlobene. Oku kungabhalwa ngolu hlobo:
Umzekelo, ukukhanya kwezixhobo zokukhanyisa kunye neminye imithombo yokukhanya iphathwa ngokwahlukeneyo, unikezelo lwamandla okubonwayo lunokwenziwa luqheleke ngandlel’ ithile, rhoqo ukuya kumanyane kuma-555 okanye ama-560 nanometers, okuhambelana nencopho yomsebenzi wokukhanya kweliso.
3. Ukuhambelana koMbala kweMacadam Ellipse
Ukuhambelana kombala kuvavanywa ngokwemiqathango ye MacAdam ellipses, echazwe ngo-1930 nguDavid MacAdam kunye nabanye ukuba bamele ummandla kwi-diagram ye-chromaticity equlethe yonke imibala engabonakaliyo ngeliso lomntu eliqhelekileyo ukusuka kumbala ophakathi kwe-ellipse.
Uvavanyo lukaMacAdam luxhomekeke ekubonweni okubonakalayo kwento ebizwa ngokuba yi-Just Noticeable Color Difference (JND) phakathi kwezibane ezinemibala efanayo. Umahluko obonakalayo nje uchazwa njengomahluko wombala apho i-50% yabakhi-mkhanyo ibona umahluko kwaye i-50% yabakhi-mkhanyo abawuboni umahluko. Imimandla enemigangatho enxaxhileyo yokulinganisa umbala (SDCM), yafunyanwa i-elliptical kwi-CIE 1931 2 deg isithuba sombala wombonisi. Ubungakanani kunye nokuma kwee-ellipses kwahluka kakhulu ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo ekumzobo wesithuba sombala. Imimandla yabonwa ukuba inkulu kuluhlaza kwaye incinci kubomvu kunye noluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Ngenxa yendalo eguquguqukayo yombala oveliswa zizibane ezimhlophe ze-LED, i-metric efanelekileyo yokubonisa ubungakanani bomahluko wombala ngaphakathi kwebhetshi (okanye umgqomo) okanye ii-LED linani le-SDCM (MacAdam) ellipses amanyathelo kwindawo yombala yeCIE. ii-LEDs ziwela ngaphakathi. Ukuba i-chromaticity ilungelelanisa iseti yee-LED zonke ziwela ngaphakathi kwe-3 SDCM (okanye "i-3-step MacAdam ellipse"), abaninzi abantu baya kusilela ukubona nawuphi na umahluko wombala. Ukuba ukwahluka kombala kwenze ukuba ukwahluka kwechromaticity kunwenwele ukuya kwi-5 SDCM okanye i-5-step MacAdam ellipse, uya kuqala ukubona umahluko wombala. Unokubona ukuhambelana kombala yi-1.6SDCM kwingxelo yovavanyo. Kwaye kukho “x=0.440 y=0.403 F3000” emazantsi, ithetha ukuba indawo esembindini yeellipse ngu “x=0.440 y=0.403”.
Ukunyamezelwa koMbala uDidi oluPhakathi oluPhambili
Okwangoku, eyona migangatho iphambili yokunyamezela umbala kwimarike yimigangatho ye-ANSI yaseMntla Melika, imigangatho ye-IEC ye-European Union, kunye namanqaku ahambelana nawo amaziko okunyamezela umbala ashwankathelwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
Uluhlu lweCCT oluhambelana nokunyamezela kombala ohambelanayo
I-3-SDCM Schematic diagram ethelekisa umgangatho we-IEC kunye nomgangatho we-ANSI
4. Iiparamitha zombala
Icandelo leParameters yoMbala ngokuyintloko iqulethe iChromaticity Coordinate, CCT, Dominant Wavelength, Peak Wavelength, Purity, Ratio, FWHM, kunye neRender Index (Ra, AvgR, TM30:Rf, TM30:Rg).
Chromaticity Coordinate
The CIE 1931 izithuba umbala Ngamakhonkco obungakanani achaziweyo okuqala phakathi kolwabiwo lwamaza obude kwi-electromagnetic i-spectrum ebonakalayo, kunye nemibala ebonwa ngokwasemzimbeni emntwini umbono wombala. Ubudlelwane bemathematika obuchaza ezi izithuba zemibala zizixhobo ezibalulekileyo ze ulawulo lombala, kubalulekile xa usebenzisana ne-inks ezinemibala, iziboniso ezikhanyayo, kunye nezixhobo zokurekhoda ezifana neekhamera zedijithali. Inkqubo yenzelwe ngo-1931 yi “IKomishoni yaMazwe ngaMazwe”, eyaziwa ngesiNgesi njenge IKhomishini yaMazwe ngaMazwe yoKhanyiso.
The CIE 1931 RGB indawo yombala kwaye CIE 1931 XYZ indawo yombala zadalwa yi IKhomishini yaMazwe ngaMazwe yoKhanyiso (CIE) ngowe-1931.[1][2] Ziye zavela kuthotho lweemvavanyo ezenziwa ekupheleni koo-1920 nguWilliam David Wright esebenzisa abakhi-mkhanyo abalishumi.[3] kunye noJohn Guild usebenzisa ababukeli abasixhenxe.[4] Iziphumo zovavanyo zadityaniswa kwinkcazo yendawo yemibala yeCIE RGB, apho indawo yombala yeCIE XYZ yavela khona.
Izithuba zemibala yeCIE 1931 zisasetyenziswa ngokubanzi, njengoko kunjalo ngo-1976 I-CIELUV indawo yombala.
Kwimodeli yeCIE 1931, Y Ingaba i ukukhanya, Z ilingana nebhlowu (yeCIE RGB), kunye X ngumxube weegophe ezintathu zeCIE RGB ezikhethiweyo ukuba zingachasi (bona § Inkcazo yendawo yombala yeCIE XYZ). Ukumisela Y njengoko ukukhanya kunesiphumo esiluncedo naso nasiphi na esinikiweyo Y ixabiso, iXZ indiza izakuqulatha konke okunokwenzeka iichromaticities kuloo kukhanya.
In umbala, i CIE 1976 L*, u*, v* indawo yemibala, ngokuqhelekileyo eyaziwa ngesishunqulelo sayo I-CIELUV, yi indawo yemibala yamkelwe yi IKhomishini yaMazwe ngaMazwe yoKhanyiso (CIE) ngo-1976, njengotshintsho olulula-ukubala lwe-1931. CIE XYZ indawo yombala, kodwa eyazamayo ukuqondana okufanayo. Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwizicelo ezinje ngemizobo yekhompyuter ejongene nezibane ezinemibala. Nangona imixube eyongezelelweyo yezibane ezinemibala eyahlukeneyo iya kuwela kumgca kwiyunifomu yeCIELUV Idayagram yechromaticity (ebizwa ngokuba yi CIE 1976 UCS), imixube eyongeziweyo ayisayi, ngokuchasene nenkolelo edumileyo, iwe ngomgca kwisithuba sombala weCIELUV ngaphandle kokuba imixube ayitshintshi. ukukhanya.
CCT
Ubushushu bombala (Ubushushu boMbala oNxulumeneyo, okanye iCCT, kwisibane sobuchwepheshe bejargon) ngokuyimfuneko sigeyiji yendlela obonakala ngayo umthubi okanye oblowu umbala wokukhanya ophuma kwibhalbhu yesibane. Ilinganiswa kwiyunithi ye-Kelvin kwaye idla ngokufunyanwa phakathi kwe-2200 degrees Kelvin kunye ne-6500 ye-Kelvin degrees.
Duv
Yintoni iDuv?
I-Duv sisimethrikhi esifutshane ngo-“Delta u,v” (ayinakubhidaniswa ne-Delta u',v') kwaye ichaza umgama wendawo yombala okhanyayo ukusuka kwigophe lomzimba omnyama.
Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziswa ngokudibeneyo kunye nexabiso lobushushu bombala ohambelanayo (CCT) ekuchazeni ukuba usondele kangakanani kwijika lomzimba omnyama ("umhlophe ococekileyo") umthombo othile wokukhanya.
Ixabiso elibi libonisa ukuba inqaku lombala lingaphantsi kwegophe lomzimba omnyama (i-magenta okanye i-pink) kunye nexabiso elihle libonisa inqaku elingaphezulu kwecala lomzimba omnyama (oluhlaza okanye ophuzi).
Ixabiso elincomekayo ngakumbi libonisa inqaku elingaphezulu kwegophe lomzimba omnyama, ngelixa ixabiso elingalunganga libonisa inqaku elingaphantsi kwegophe lomzimba omnyama.
Ngokufutshane, i-Duv ibonelela ngokulula ngobukhulu kunye nolwazi lomkhombandlela malunga nomgama wenqaku lombala ukusuka kwijiko lomzimba omnyama.
Kutheni iDuv ibalulekile?
I-Duv sisimethrikhi esibalulekileyo ngalo lonke ixesha kuxoxwa ngokhanyiso olunobuntununtunu kwizicelo zokukhanya, ezinje ngefilimu kunye nokufota. Oku kungenxa yokuba iCCT yodwa ibonelela ngolwazi olwaneleyo malunga nombala ochanekileyo.
Kumzobo ongezantsi, uya kufumana imigca ye-iso-CCT yamaxabiso awohlukeneyo eCCT. Imigca ye-Iso-CCT ichaza iingongoma ezinexabiso leCCT elifanayo.
Kwi-3500K, uya kubona umgca unwebeka ukusuka kumbala omthubi kwindawo engentla kwegophe lomzimba omnyama (ixabiso elikhulu le-Duv), ngelixa izakutshintshela kumbala opinki/magenta njengoko usihla kumgca ofanayo we-3500K iso-CCT ngaphantsi ijiko lomzimba omnyama (ezantsi, ixabiso elibi Duv).
Ngamanye amazwi, ukuba isibane sinexabiso leCCT ye-3500K, ngokwenene, ingaba naphi na kulo mgca we-iso-CCT.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuba sinikwe ulwazi lokuba isibane sinexabiso le-CCT ye-3500K kunye ne-Duv = 0.001, oku kuya kusinika ulwazi olwaneleyo ukuze sazi ukuba sihamba nomgca we-3500K iso-CCT, ngaphezu kwe-curve yomzimba omnyama. . Ukuba kwaye kuphela ukuba zombini amaxabiso eDuv kunye neCCT anikiwe, indawo yombala echanekileyo inokuchongwa.
Ubude beWaveleng obulawulayo
Kwisayensi yemibala, i ubude bemaza obulawulayo (kunye nobude obuhambelanayo obuhambelanayo) ziindlela zokubonakalisa nawuphi na umxube wokukhanya ngokwemonochromatic spectral light evelisa into efanayo (kunye nechasa elihambelana nayo) imbono ye-hue. Kumxube onikiweyo wokukhanya okubonakalayo, i-wavelength eyongameleyo kunye ehambelanayo ayimiswanga ngokupheleleyo, kodwa iyahluka ngokombala wokukhanya okhanyayo, obizwa ngokuba yindawo emhlophe, ngenxa yokungaguquguquki kombala wokubona.
Incopho yeWavelength
IPeak Wavelength – Incopho yobude bobude buchazwa njengobude obunye apho i-radiometric emission spectrum yomthombo wokukhanya ifikelela kubuninzi bayo. Ngokulula ngakumbi, ayimeli nakuphi na ukukhutshwa komthombo wokukhanya ngeliso lomntu, kodwa ngokubona iifoto.
Ukungcola
Ubunyulu bombala liqondo apho umbala ufana ne-hue yawo. Umbala ongaxutywanga nomhlophe okanye omnyama uthathwa njengomsulwa. Ukucoceka kombala ngumbono oluncedo ukuba udibanisa imibala njengoko ufuna ukuqala ngombala ococekileyo kuba oku kunamandla okudala amathoni ahlukeneyo, i-shades kunye ne-tints.
Ukulinganisa
Umlinganiselo ubhekisela kumlinganiselo obomvu, oluhlaza kunye nohlaza okwesibhakabhaka ekukhanyeni okuxutywe.
I-FWHM
Kusasazo, ububanzi obugcweleyo kwisiqingatha sobuninzi (FWHM) ngumahluko phakathi kwamaxabiso amabini okuguquguquka okuzimeleyo apho inguqu exhomekeke kuyo ilingana nesiqingatha sexabiso layo eliphezulu. Ngamanye amazwi, bububanzi begophe elilinganiselwa phakathi kwaloo manqaku akwi-axis engu-y ayisiqingatha sowona mgangatho uphezulu we-amplitude. Isiqingatha sobubanzi kubuninzi besiqingatha (HWHM) sisiqingatha se-FWHM ukuba umsebenzi uno-symmetric.
CRI
A isalathiso sombala wonikezelo (CRI) ngumlinganiselo wokukwazi komthombo wokukhanya ukuveza imibala yezinto ezahlukeneyo ngokuthembekileyo xa kuthelekiswa nomthombo wokukhanya wendalo okanye oqhelekileyo.
Ilinganiswa njani i-CRI?
Indlela yokubala i-CRI ifana kakhulu nomzekelo wovavanyo olubonakalayo olunikwe ngasentla, kodwa lwenziwa ngezibalo ze-algorithmic xa i-spectrum yomthombo wokukhanya ekuthethwa ngayo ilinganiswa.
Ubushushu bombala womthombo wokukhanya ekuthethwa ngawo kufuneka kuqala bumiselwe. Oku kunokubalwa kwimilinganiselo ye-spectral.
Ubushushu bombala bomthombo wokukhanya kufuneka bumiselwe ukuze sikwazi ukukhetha i-spectrum efanelekileyo yokukhanya kwemini ukuze siyisebenzise ukuthelekisa.
Emva koko, umthombo wokukhanya ekuthethwa ngawo uyakubengezela kuthotho lweesampulu zombala obonakalayo obizwa ngokuba ziisampuli zemibala yovavanyo (TCS) kunye nombala obonisiweyo olinganisiweyo.
Kukho ii-swatches zemibala ezili-15 zizonke:
Kwakhona siya kuba silulungele uthotho lwemilinganiselo yombala ebonakalisiweyo yokukhanya kwemini yendalo yobushushu obufanayo bombala. Okokugqibela, sithelekisa imibala ebonakalisiweyo kwaye simisela ngokwefomula inqaku elithi "R" kwiwotshi yombala ngamnye.
Ixabiso elingu-R lombala othile libonisa amandla omthombo wokukhanya ukunika ngokuthembekileyo loo mbala uthile. Ngoko ke, ukubonisa umbala opheleleyo wesakhono somthombo wokukhanya kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zemibala, ifomula ye-CRI ithatha umndilili wamaxabiso e-R.
IRa ngumlinganiselo we-R1-R8.
I-AvgR yi-avareji ye-R1-R15.
TM30
I-TM30 yi-metric yomgangatho omtsha osandul 'ukwamkelwa yi-IES ukuncedisa kwaye ekugqibeleni ithathe indawo ye-CRI (CIE) yeMetric endala yokulinganisa ukuthembeka komthombo wokukhanya.
Iimpawu eziphambili zeTM30
- I-Rf eyimetric efanayo kumgangatho we-CRI (Ra) olinganisa unikezelo lombala ngokusekelwe kuthelekiso lombala wemibala engama-99 (i-CRI yayine-9 kuphela)
- I-Rg elinganisa i-avareji ye-gamut shift (i-hue / saturation) yomthombo
- Umboniso womzobo we Rg ukumela ngokubonakalayo ukuba yeyiphi imibala ehlanjiweyo okanye ecace ngakumbi ngenxa yomthombo wokukhanya
Ukufumana iinkcukacha, unokukhuphela iPDF "Ukuvavanya ukuBuyiswa koMbala usebenzisa i-IES TM-30-15".
5. Iiparamitha zePhotometric
I-Luminous Flux(Flux)
Kwifotoometry, ukubhobhoza okukhanyayo okanye amandla okukhanya ngumlinganiselo wamandla okukhanya abonwayo. Iyohluka kwiradiant flux, umlinganiselo wamandla ewonke emitha ye-electromagnetic (kubandakanya i-infrared, i-ultraviolet, kunye nokukhanya okubonakalayo), kukukhanya okukhanyayo kulungelelaniswa ukubonisa ubuntununtunu obahlukeneyo beliso lomntu ukuya kumaza okukhanya ahlukeneyo.
Iyunithi ye-SI ye-luminous flux yi-lumen (lm). Ukuza kuthi ga nge-19 kaMeyi ka-2019, ilumen enye yachazwa njengokukhanya kokukhanya okuveliswa ngumthombo wokukhanya okhupha ikhandlela elinye lokukhanya okukhanyayo ngaphezulu kwe-engile eqinileyo ye-steridian enye. Ukusukela nge-20 kaMeyi ka-2019, i-lumen ichazwe ngokulungisa ukusebenza okukhanyayo kwemitha ye-monochromatic ye-frequency 540 × 1012 Hz (ukukhanya okuluhlaza okunobude obungama-555 nm) ukuba bube yi-683 lm/W. Ngaloo ndlela umthombo we-lumen we-1 ukhupha i-1/683 W okanye i-1.146mW.
Kwezinye iinkqubo zeeyunithi, ukukhanya okukhanyayo kunokuba neeyunithi zamandla.
I-flux ekhanyayo yenza uvakalelo lweliso ngokulinganisa amandla kwi-wavelength nganye kunye nomsebenzi wokukhanya, omele impendulo yeliso kubude bamaza ahlukeneyo. I-flux ekhanyayo sisimbuku esinobunzima bamandla kuwo onke amaza amaza kwibhendi ebonakalayo. Ukukhanya ngaphandle kwebhendi ebonakalayo ayinagalelo.
Ukusebenza okukhanyayo(Eff.)
Ukusebenza okuqaqambileyo ngumlinganiselo wendlela umthombo wokukhanya okuvelisa ngayo ukukhanya okubonakalayo. Ngumlinganiselo we ukubhobhoza okukhanyayo ukuba amandla, kulinganiswe nge ukukhanya nganye watt kwi Inkqubo yeeYunithi zamazwe ngamazwe (SI). Ngokuxhomekeke kumxholo, amandla anokuba yi ukukhanya okukhanyayo yemveliso yomthombo, okanye inokuba ngamandla ewonke (amandla ombane, amandla ekhemikhali, okanye abanye) asetyenziswe ngumthombo.[1][2][3] Yeyiphi intsingiselo yeli gama ekujoliswe kuyo kufuneka idla ngokuthathwa kumxholo, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ayicacanga. Ingqondo yangaphambili ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba ukusebenza okukhanyayo kwemitha,[4] kunye nokugqibela ukusebenza okukhanyayo komthombo wokukhanya[5] or ukusebenza okukhanyayo ngokubanzi.[6][7]
I-Radiant Flux(Fe)
In iradiometry, ukukhanya okukhanyayo or amandla akhazimlayo Ingaba i amandla aqaqambileyo ikhutshwe, ibonakaliswe, idluliselwe, okanye ifunyenwe ngexesha leyunithi, kunye i-spectral flux or amandla okubonwa ngumbane oqaqambileyo kwiyunithi nganye frequency or amandla, Kuxhomekeka ekubeni ngaba isikram ithathwa njengomsebenzi wokuphindaphinda okanye wobude bobude. I Icandelo le-SI Ukuguquguquka okukhazimlayo yi watt (W), enye esiyijowule ngesekondi nganye (J/s), ngelixa leyo ye-spectral flux in frequency yi watt nganye i-hertz (W/Hz) kunye ne-spectral flux kwi-wavelength yi-watt ngemitha nganye (W/m)—ngokuqhelekileyo i-watt nge-nanometer (W/nm).
5. Iiparamitha zombane
Ombane (V)
I-voltage, umahluko onokubakho wombane, uxinzelelo lombane okanye ukunyanzeliswa kombane ngumahluko kumandla ombane phakathi kwamanqaku amabini, apho (kwindawo yombane emileyo) ichazwa njengomsebenzi ofunekayo kwiyunithi yentlawulo ukuhambisa intlawulo yovavanyo phakathi kwamanqaku amabini. KwiNkqubo yeeYunithi zaMazwe ngaMazwe, iyunithi efunyenweyo yombane (umahluko onokwenzeka) ibizwa ngokuba yi-volt. Izibane zethu ze-LED zihlala ziyi-24V okanye i-12V.
uMbane wangoku(I)
An umbane ngumjelo wamasuntswana ahlawuliweyo, afana nee-electron okanye ii-ion, ezihamba nge-conductor yombane okanye isithuba. Ilinganiswa njengomlinganiselo wokuhamba kwentlawulo yombane ngomphezulu okanye kumthamo wolawulo. Iincinci ezihambayo zibizwa ngokuba ngabathwali bentlawulo, enokuthi ibe enye yeentlobo ezininzi zeengqungquthela, kuxhomekeke kumqhubi. Kwiisekethe zombane abathwali bentlawulo badla ngokuba zii-electron ezihamba ngocingo. Kwi-semiconductors ingaba yi-electron okanye imingxuma. Kwi-electrolyte abathwali bentlawulo yi-ion, ngelixa kwi-plasma, igesi ye-ionized, i-ion kunye nee-electron.
Iyunithi ye-SI yombane wangoku yi-ampere, okanye i-amp, ekukuhamba kwentlawulo yombane kumhlaba wonke ngesantya se-coulomb enye ngesekhondi. I-ampere (uphawu: A) yiyunithi yesiseko ye-SI. Umsinga wombane ulinganiswa kusetyenziswa isixhobo esibizwa ngokuba yiammeter.
Ukusetyenziswa koMbane(P)
Kubunjineli bombane, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kubhekisa kumandla ombane ngexesha leyunithi, anikezelwe ukusebenza into ethile, njengesixhobo sasekhaya. Usetyenziso lwamandla ludla ngokulinganiswa ngeeyunithi zeewatts (W) okanye iikilowatts (kW).
Usetyenziso lwamandla lulingana nombane ophindaphindwe ngoku.
Umba Wamandla(PF)
In injineli yombane, i into yamandla ye Amandla AC inkqubo ichazwa njenge umlinganiselo ye amandla okwenyani ifunxwe yi umthwalo kwi amandla abonakalayo equkuqelayo kwisekethe, kwaye i a inani elingenamlinganiselo kwi ithuba lokuvala ka -1 ukuya ku-1. Ubungakanani be factor yamandla obungaphantsi kwesinye bubonisa amandla ombane kunye nomsinga abekho kwisigaba, ukwehlisa umndilili. imveliso kwezi zimbini. Amandla okwenyani yimveliso ekhawulezileyo yombane kunye neyangoku kwaye imele umthamo wombane wokwenza umsebenzi. Amandla abonakalayo yimveliso ye I-RMS yangoku kunye ne-voltage. Ngenxa yamandla agcinwe kumthwalo kwaye abuyiselwe kumthombo, okanye ngenxa yomthwalo ongeyena umgca ophazamisa ukuma kwamaza ombane otsalwa kumthombo, amandla abonakalayo anokuba mkhulu kunamandla okwenene. Umba wamandla ongalunganga wenzeka xa isixhobo (esiqhele ukuba ngumthwalo) sivelisa amandla, athi aqukuqelele umva ukuya kumthombo.
Kwinkqubo yamandla ombane, umthwalo onawo amandla aphantsi utsala umzobo wangoku kunomthwalo onesixa esimandla esinexabiso elifanayo lamandla aluncedo adluliselweyo. Imisinga ephezulu yonyusa amandla alahlekileyo kwinkqubo yokuhambisa kwaye ifuna iingcingo ezinkulu kunye nezinye izixhobo. Ngenxa yeendleko zezixhobo ezinkulu kunye namandla asetyenzisiweyo, izixhobo zombane zihlala zibiza iindleko eziphezulu kumashishini okanye abathengi bezorhwebo apho kukho amandla aphantsi.
Kodwa kwingxelo yovavanyo oludityanisiweyo lwesigaba, kuba umtya wethu okhokelwayo uyi-DC12V okanye i-DC24V led strip, iPF ihlala iyi-1.
LEVEL
Iparameter LEVEL isoloko IPHUMILE. Ngoko asiyihoyi.
MHLOPHE
EMHLOPHE ithetha ukuba ngowuphi umgangatho wokuNyamezelwa koMbala esiwukhethileyo.
6. Ubume besixhobo
Umdibaniso uT kuthetha ixesha lokudibanisa.
Ip ibhekisela kwi-photoelectric saturation; ihambelana nobude bexesha lokudibanisa elikhethiweyo ngexesha lovavanyo, kunye nokukhethwa (ixesha lokudibanisa ngokuzenzekelayo) i-IP kufuneka ibe mkhulu kune-30%, eyimeko efanelekileyo. Ukuba ixesha lokudibanisa likhethwa ukuba libe yimizuzwana ye-100, i-IP iya kuba ngaphantsi kwe-30%, ixesha lokuvavanya liya kukhawuleza, kwaye ezinye iiparamitha ze-optoelectronic aziyi kuchaphazeleka.
I-footer inolwazi olongezelelweyo olufana neGama leModeli, iNombolo, uMvavanyi, uMhla woVavanyo, iqondo lobushushu, ukufuma, uMenzi, kunye naMagqabantshintshi.
Emva kokufunda eli nqaku, ndiyakholelwa ukuba unokufunda ngokulula zonke iiparameters zengxelo yovavanyo lwesphere yokudibanisa. Ukuba unayo nayiphi na imibuzo, nceda ushiye izimvo okanye uthumele imiyalezo ngefomu ekwiwebhusayithi. Enkosi.
isiphelo
Ukuqonda indlela yokufunda iNgxelo yoVavanyo yokuHlanganisa iSphere kubalulekile kuye nabani na obandakanyekayo ekukhanyeni. Ngokugxininisa kwiiparameters eziphambili ezifana nokuguquguquka okukhanyayo, isalathisi sokunikezelwa kombala, kunye nobushushu bombala, umntu unokwenza izigqibo ezinolwazi malunga nomthombo wokukhanya oza kuwusebenzisa. Ingxelo inokunceda kwakhona ukuchonga nayiphi na imiba enokubakho kunye nomthombo wokukhanya, okuvumela ukuba kube nezisombululo ezingcono kunye nezisebenzayo zokukhanyisa.
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