39 Mafunso Omwe Amafunsidwa Kawirikawiri

Nyali zachifanizo ndi tizibabu tating'ono, tamitundu tambiri tolumikizidwa kudzera pawaya wosinthika womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa. Kuwala kokongoletsera kumeneku kumapangidwa ndi mababu opangidwa ndi LED. Amapanga kuwala kofewa akagwiritsidwa ntchito pokongoletsa m'nyumba kapena panja paukwati, maphwando, kapena zochitika zina.

Magetsi amatsenga amapitanso ndi mayina ena: magetsi othwanima, magetsi a zingwe, magetsi a tchuthi, magetsi a Khrisimasi, kapena magetsi ang'onoang'ono. Kuphatikiza apo, m'madera ena a United States, monga Chicago, awa amatchedwa "magetsi aku Italy". Dzinali lidawonekera chifukwa nyali zazing'ono zoyambirira zidapangidwa ku Italy.

Nyali zamatsenga zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pokongoletsa nthawi zosiyanasiyana. Komanso, amawonjezera kukongola komanso chisangalalo pamapangidwe amkati a nyumbayo. Magetsi amenewa amapangitsa kuti pakhale malo osangalatsa komanso omasuka m'malo amkati komanso akunja. Chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwake mumitundu, masitayelo, ndi magwero amagetsi, imatha kupereka zosowa ndi zokonda zosiyanasiyana.

Kuwala kowoneka bwino kumazungulira makoma, mazenera, makatani, denga, ma chandeliers, magalasi, mashelufu a mabuku, masitepe, masitepe ndi zina zotero. Ingopachika zingwezo molunjika pamakona a khoma la chipinda chogona kuchokera pamwamba mpaka pansi. Kupatula apo, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito nyali izi kuti muwunikire m'mphepete mwa mutu wa bedi lanu.

Kuonjezera apo, nyali zodzikongoletsera zokhala ndi zojambula zopanga zimatha kusintha nyali zamtundu wamtundu kapena ma chandeliers. M'malo akunja, izi zimakutidwa mozungulira mitengo, tchire, kapena mabwalo kuti aziwoneka bwino.

Nyali zanthabwala zisamayikidwe pakati pa mitengo iwiri yogwedezeka. Ikhoza kung'amba kapena kuthyola zingwe za magetsi pamene mitengo imayenda. Komanso, zimatha kuyambitsa ngozi. Pambuyo pake, kupachika magetsi pansi pa nthambi zowonongeka ndi lingaliro loipa. Nthambi zowonongeka zidzawononga magetsi ndi masamba akugwa, nthambi, kapena nthambi zolemera. Zoona zake n’zakuti zingwezo zimatha kupsa ndi moto ngati zitulutsa kutentha kwambiri n’kukhudzana ndi masamba owuma. 

Komanso, musagwiritse ntchito nyali zamatsenga pazinyumba zofooka kapena zosakhazikika komanso malo omwe ali ndi magalimoto ochuluka. Zimayambitsa ngozi pamene anthu kapena ziweto zidutsa pazingwe.

Sir Joseph Swan anali tate wa nyali za nthano, yemwe adayambitsa zowunikira. Kunena zowona, iye anali katswiri wa sayansi ya zakuthambo, wasayansi, ndi woyambitsa wa babu woyamba wa incandescent. Savoy Theatre ku London idakongoletsedwa koyamba ndi nyali zamatsenga pafupifupi zaka 135 zapitazo ndi iye.

Nthawi zambiri magetsi amapangidwa ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu zitatu: mababu ang'onoang'ono a LED, waya wopyapyala, ndi gwero lamagetsi. Magetsi amakono amapangidwa ndi ma LED chifukwa ndi opatsa mphamvu komanso abwino kuposa mababu achikhalidwe a incandescent. Waya nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi mkuwa kapena siliva kotero kuti amatha kusinthasintha kuti apereke mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana. Pomaliza, pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamagwero amagetsi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamagetsi amatsenga, monga oyendetsedwa ndi batri, plug-in, kapena solar-powere,d etc.

Zimatengera mtundu wa nyali zamatsenga. Onani malongosoledwe ngati angadulidwe pogula. Ngati inde, ndiye kuti waya wa magetsi akhoza kudulidwa molingana ndi kutalika kofunikira.

Zina mwazosankha zokhudzana ndi kupachika nyali zamatsenga popanda makoma owononga zikukambidwa apa:

• Kuyika nyali zamatsenga pazinthu zomwe zapachikidwa kale pamakoma, monga mashelefu, mafelemu azithunzi, ndi zina zotero, zidzateteza makoma.
• Zingwe zomata zomata zingagwiritsidwe ntchito popewa kuwonongeka kwa makoma.
• Njerwa kopanira zopachika ntchito makoma njerwa popanda kubowola mabowo m'makoma.
• Chogwirizira chowunikira chaching'ono chokhala ndi kapu yoyamwa ndi njira ina yabwino yopachika nyali zamatsenga popanda kuwononga makoma.

1. Nyali zowoneka bwino zimangiriridwa m'malire a mutu wa bedi pogwiritsa ntchito tepi yowoneka bwino ya mbali ziwiri. 
2. Kuyika magetsi awa mozungulira galasi lakuchipinda ndi mbedza kapena tepi kumapereka kuwala kowonjezera pagalasi. 
3. Magetsi onyezimira atakulungidwa mozungulira zomera zamkati m'chipinda chogona amapereka maonekedwe okongola.
4. Nyali zazitali zazitali zimatha kuikidwa mu botolo mkati mwa vase yomveka bwino ndikusungidwa pashelefu, desiki, kapena tebulo lapafupi ndi bedi.
5. Ukonde wowala bwino umagwiritsidwa ntchito kuphimba khoma lonse la chipinda chogona ndi magetsi.
6. Mangani zithunzi kuchokera pazingwe za nyali zanthano pakhoma logona pogwiritsa ntchito zikhomo zing'onozing'ono.

1. Poyambirira, nyali zenizeni za nsalu zotchinga ziyenera kusankhidwa malinga ndi kutalika kwa makatani, kukula kwa malo, ndi mitundu yofunidwa ndi zotsatira zake.
2. Kenako sankhani pakati pa ndodo yomangika, chotchinga chotchinga, mbedza zomatira, kapena misomali ndi zomangira zomangira magetsi. Mwachitsanzo, ndodo yovutitsa imatha kukhazikitsidwa mkati mwawindo lazenera, ndipo imadzaza masika. Ingolowetsani magetsi pa ndodoyo ndikusintha kutalika ngati kuli kofunikira.
3. Nyali zopachika zotchinga ndi zotchinga zotchinga ndizosavuta pakati pa onse. Muyenera kungoyika magetsi ku nsalu yotchinga mwachindunji kuti muwapachike.
4. Ndoko yomatira imagwiritsidwanso ntchito kupachika mawaya a nyali zotchinga pa mbedza. Onetsetsani kuti ndowe zimatha kupirira kulemera kwa makatani. 
   Mutha kubowola misomali kapena zomangira m'makoma kuti muwapachike ndikuwongolera momwe mukufunira.

1. Njira yosavuta yokhazikitsira magetsi a fairy pa khonde ndikuwapukuta. Choyamba, ikani mbewa pakati pa nsanamira kapena kutalikirana kwa phazi limodzi kapena awiri. Kenako zungulirani khonde kuti mutseke mbali zonse. Zidzapanga mawonekedwe owoneka ngati mafunde pomwe nyali zamatsenga zimadzigwera mwa iwo okha.
2. Nyali zamatsenga zimatha kukhazikitsidwa muzojambula zozungulira pamiyala kapena mipiringidzo. Ndondomekoyi idzawunikira dongosolo lonse. 
3. Kupatula apo, sungani nyali zamatsenga molunjika pansi kuchokera pamiyala mpaka pazitsulo kuti mupange nsalu yotchinga yamagetsi pakhonde.

1. Kupanga Zig Zag Pattern: Yesani kutalika ndi m'lifupi mwa denga ndikusankha mtunda pakati pa nangula padenga. Kutalika kwa mamita awiri kapena atatu pakati pa mfundozo kumapereka kuwala kofewa, koma mtunda wochepa udzapereka kuwala kowonjezereka. Tsopano tetezani zomatira kapena zomangira patali patali ndi denga, ndikusunga mbedza yoyamba pafupi ndi potulukira magetsi. Kenako thamangitsani chingwe chowonjezera chazingwe pakona ya khoma mpaka potulukira magetsi. Pambuyo pake, sungani mbedza pa mtunda woyezedwa kale kuchokera kumbali imodzi ya denga kupita ku imzake. Bwerezerani mbali ina ya denga poyisuntha kupitirira theka la katalikirana kuchokera mbali inayo popanda kuyiyika mofanana. Idzapanga mawonekedwe a zigzag. Tsopano sungani magetsi mpaka denga lonse litaphimbidwa.
2. Kufotokozera za Ceiling: Gwirizanitsani zokowerazo mapazi awiri motalikirana m'malire a denga. Kenako mangani nyali zachingwe mozungulira mbedza yoyamba ndikuzungulira denga mpaka mbedza yomaliza.
3. Kupanga Canopy Design: Choyamba, malo omwe ali pamwamba pa bedi ndi malo omwe ali pakati pa denga ndi bolodi lapansi ayenera kuyesedwa kuti adziwe m'lifupi mwa denga la bedi. Kenako, ikani mbedza kumapeto ena a denga kuti mukonzenso denga la nyenyezi ngati denga. Komanso, ikani mbedza zambiri kupyola nyali za nthano kuti mugwire makatani ang'onoang'ono. Pomaliza, sungani nyali zamatsenga ndikumangirira makatani ang'onoang'ono pazingwe zomwe zili pamwamba pa nyali zamatsenga.
4. Kuwala kwa Zingwe Kudutsa Padenga: Ikani zomata zomata kuchokera mbali imodzi ya denga kupita mbali ina. Yambani magetsi mozungulira mbedza ndikusiya kuti igwetse pafupifupi 15 cm ndikusunthira ku mbedza. Mawonekedwe ngati mafunde awiri kapena ma crisscross amatha kupangidwa apa mukuyatsa nyali za zingwe.

1. Yambani kukulunga chingwe kuchokera kumunsi kwa thunthu.
2. Kenako pitani kunthambi kuti mukulungire ndi magetsi okhala ndi katayanitsidwe kofanana.
3. Mukamaliza kukulunga, tetezani magetsi ndi zomangira zip kapena tepi. Onetsetsani kuti amangirizidwa mwamphamvu pamtengowo popanda kusokoneza kukula kwake.
4. Tsopano plug iwo mkati ndi kusangalala.

1. Choyamba, lembani malo omwe zingwe zowala zidzapachikidwa. Sungani malo okonzera osachepera 3.2 m pamwamba pa nthaka.
2. Tsopano gwiritsani ntchito kubowola magetsi kuti mupange mabowo ang'onoang'ono pamalo aliwonse olembedwa.
3. Kenako kulungani mbedza mwamphamvu kuti zisakhale zomasuka.
4. Pambuyo pake, phatikizani nyali za zingwe kuyambira kumapeto kwa pulagi yamagetsi kupita kumalo okonzekera pogwiritsa ntchito zipi. Sungani mtunda wa 3 m pakati pa nthaka ndi kuwala kwa chingwe.
5. Pomaliza, lumikizani pulagi yamagetsi ku chotengera magetsi kuti muwunikire magetsi.

Inde, pali njira zosinthira mitundu ya RGB pazowunikira zamatsenga. Mitundu imatha kukhazikitsidwa mwachangu komanso motsatana pogwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu akutali kapena anzeru.

Kuwala kwa LED kumayendetsedwa ndi magetsi kudzera pa pulagi, kulumikizana kwa USB kapena batire. Magetsi oyendera batire amagwiritsa ntchito mabatire AA, AAA, kapena CR2032. Kuphatikiza apo, magetsi oyendetsedwa ndi USB amalumikizidwa ndi doko la USB pakompyuta, banki yamagetsi, kapena adaputala. Pomaliza, pulagi-mu dongosolo amafuna wamba khoma potulukira ndi adaputala mphamvu.

Phukusi la batri la nyali zamatsenga likhoza kubisika kumbuyo kwazitsulo monga zithunzi, vases, maluwa, matalala abodza, ndi zina zotero.

Inde, zingwe zingapo za nyali zamatsenga zimatha kulumikizidwa palimodzi. Komabe, kuchuluka kwa zingwe zolumikizira kumadalira zinthu monga kuchuluka kwa magetsi, mphamvu yamagetsi yonse yozungulira, mphamvu ya woyendetsa dera, ndi zina zambiri.

Kwa nyali zazing'ono za incandescent, ma seti 4 kapena 5 aiwo amatha kulumikizidwa kumapeto mpaka kumapeto. Kuphatikiza apo, pamagetsi a mini a LED, zingwe 40 mpaka 50 zimatha kulumikizana limodzi.

Nyali zamatsenga za LED zitha kusiyidwa mosalekeza kwa 24/7. Sichingathe kugwira moto chifukwa chimatulutsa kutentha kochepa komanso kuwala kwa infrared.

Nyali zowoneka bwino zogwira ntchito mozungulira 23°F kapena -5°C zimatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pozizira. Malangizo a nyali zamatsenga ayenera kuyang'aniridwa kuti akuyenera kuzizira kutentha musanagwiritse ntchito panja.

Nyali zowoneka bwino zokhala ndi IP67 zili ndi mawonekedwe osalowa madzi. '7' muyeso ikutanthauza kuti itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pansi pa mita imodzi yamadzi akuya kwa mphindi 30.

Nthawi zambiri nyali zamatsenga ndizoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'nyumba. Komabe, ndi bwino kuyang'ana kalozera wopanga zinthu ngati 'kunja' kapena 'kusunga nyengo' musanagwiritse ntchito kunja.

Kuwala kwa LED kumapanga kutentha kochepa kwambiri poyerekeza ndi magetsi ena. Ngakhale kutentha pang'ono kumeneku kumatha kuthawa mosavuta popanda kupangitsa babu kutenthetsa kapena kuwonjezera kutentha kwake.

Inde, nyali zamatsenga zoyendetsedwa ndi batri zitha kusungidwa mu utomoni, koma paketi ya batri kapena gwero lamagetsi liyenera kukhala losiyanitsidwa ndi utomoni. Popanga mapulojekiti a DIY okhala ndi utomoni ndi nyali zamatsenga, choyamba, onjezani utomoni pa nkhungu yoyambira. Kenako ikani nyali zamatsenga ndikutsanulira gawo lomaliza la utomoni pamenepo.

Kuwala kwazithunzi za LED kumatha mpaka maola 60000. Ndi yaitali nthawi 20 kuposa nyali zachikhalidwe za incandescent. Kumbali ina, nyali zamatsenga zoyendetsedwa ndi batire zokhala ndi mababu a incandescent zimatha maola ochepa pa batire iliyonse. Kuphatikiza apo, magetsi oyendera dzuwa amatha pafupifupi zaka 5.

Inde, pali mitundu ingapo ya nyali zamatsenga kuti ziwongolere liwiro, mtundu, kung'anima, kuzimiririka, ndi zina zambiri. Zosankha izi zimayendetsedwa kudzera pamapulogalamu akutali kapena anzeru.

Pogula magetsi owonetserako, mtundu wawo, kutalika kwake, momwe angagwiritsire ntchito, gwero lamagetsi, ndi mtundu wa kuwala ziyenera kuganiziridwa. Mwachitsanzo, kuti mugwiritse ntchito magetsi osapatsa mphamvu, kuwala kwa LED ndiye njira yabwino kwambiri. Kuti muzitha kunyamula, magetsi oyendera batire ndi abwino kuposa mapulagini.

Magetsi a dzuwa sakhala owala mokwanira kuti awerenge kapena kusewera masewera m'bwalo lalikulu lamasewera. Komabe, ndizoyenera kwambiri kukongoletsa ndi kukopa kokongola.

Kuwala kwa dzuwa kungagwire ntchito m'munda wamkati wokhala ndi masana ambiri achilengedwe ngati gululo layikidwa panja. Apo ayi, galasi idzagwiritsa ntchito ndalama zambiri ndikuchepetsa mphamvu ya magetsi.

Inde, magetsi oyendera dzuwa amagwira ntchito m'nyengo yozizira bola ngati alandira kuwala kokwanira masana kuti aziwonjezera mabatire. Komabe, kuchepa kwa kuwala kwa dzuwa ndi kutentha kozizira kumatha kukhudza momwe amagwirira ntchito, monga nthawi yaifupi yothamanga, kuwunikira kocheperako, nthawi yayitali yolipirira, ndi zina zambiri.

Nyali zowala ziyenera kusungidwa pamalo ozizira komanso owuma popanda zopinga. Machubu a makatoni, ma rectangle, kapena zopachika nsalu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kulinganiza. Mwachitsanzo, kulungani nyali mozungulira chubu cha pepala, chubu chopukusira chakukhitchini, kapena chinthu cholimba cha cylindrical. Kenako lowetsani malekezerowo ndikudina motetezeka.

Komanso, ma rectangles a makatoni angagwiritsidwe ntchito podula ming'alu mu makatoni ndikuyika mbali imodzi ya magetsi pamene mukukulunga magetsi kuzungulira makatoni. Kupatula apo, mbali imodzi ya magetsi imakhala yotetezedwa pa chophatikizira cha zovala, ndipo magetsi ena onse amakulungidwa pa hanger kuti asungidwe opanda tangle.

Inde, nyali zamatsenga ndizoyenera zochitika zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo maukwati ndi maphwando. Izi zimakutidwa pamakoma, matebulo, kapena mitengo kuti ziwoneke bwino. Komanso, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwunikira kanjira ndi chikondi paukwati.

Inde, nyali zamatsenga za LED ndizowonjezera mphamvu kuposa mababu achikhalidwe. Mwachitsanzo, chingwe cha LED cha mamita 10 chimangotenga ma Watts atatu, omwe amapulumutsa mphamvu mpaka 3-75%.

Inde, nyali zowala zimakhala zamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Pali zowunikira zoyera zoyera zokhala ndi zoyera zoyera komanso zoyera zoziziritsa. Kuphatikiza apo, imabwera mumtundu umodzi ndi mitundu ingapo yokhala ndi zosankha zosintha mitundu.

Magetsi amatsenga a LED amatulutsa kutentha pang'ono kuposa nyali zachikhalidwe. Chifukwa chake, imapulumutsa mphamvu mpaka 75%. Komanso, imakhala nthawi yayitali mpaka 20 kuposa magetsi achikhalidwe. Imafunika ndalama zochepetsera m'malo ndi kukonza. Chofunika kwambiri, ndichokhazikika komanso chotetezeka kuti chigwiritsidwe ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali.

Nyali zamagalasi zokhala ndi mababu agalasi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zowoneka bwino, ndipo nyali zokhala ndi mababu apulasitiki ndi LED. Pambuyo pake, ngati pali filament mkati mwa babu, ndi incandescent. Amapanganso kuwala ndi kutentha. Komabe, nyali zamatsenga za LED sizitenthetsa ndipo zimakhalabe kutentha.

Inde, mukhoza kugona ndi nyali zamatsenga. Iwo sali owala kwambiri ndipo amapanga mpweya wabwino wogona. Nyali zachiwonetsero zokhala ndi chowerengera zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati izi kuzimitsa pakapita nthawi.